Which of the following is NOT one of the key principles of social stratification ?

The correct answer is - Social stratification is a characteristic of individuals, not society.

Key Points

• Social stratification is a characteristic of society
  • It refers to a structured system where people are ranked in a hierarchy based on factors such as class, caste, gender, and race.
  • It is not based on individual characteristics but is a system imposed by society.
  • Example: The caste system in India is a society-wide structure that impacts opportunities and access to resources.
• Other correct principles of social stratification
  • Persistence across generations: Social positions and advantages/disadvantages are often inherited.
  • Supported by ideologies: Beliefs and norms justify the hierarchy, making it seem natural or fair.
  • Unequal distribution of resources: Wealth, power, and privileges are distributed unevenly among social groups.

Additional Information

• Types of Social Stratification
  • Caste System: A rigid hereditary system, e.g., India's caste hierarchy.
  • Class System: Based on wealth and occupation, e.g., upper, middle, and lower class.
  • Slavery: A historical system where people were owned as property.
  • Estate System: Found in feudal societies, dividing people into nobles, clergy, and commoners.
• Effects of Social Stratification
  • Impacts access to education, healthcare, and employment.
  • Creates social inequality and economic disparities.
  • Can lead to social movements and demands for equal rights.
• Modern Examples of Stratification
  • Gender pay gap: Women often earn less than men for the same work.
  • Racial discrimination: Some ethnic groups have limited access to resources.
  • Economic inequality: The richest 1% control a significant portion of global wealth.