National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is 1, 2, and 3.

Key Points

• Corbett National Park was established in 1936 and is recognized as the first National Park of India.
• The park was originally named Hailey National Park, after Sir Malcolm Hailey, the then Governor of the United Provinces.
• It is located in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand and is renowned for its role in the conservation of Bengal tigers under the Project Tiger initiative launched in 1973.
• The total area of the Corbett National Park is approximately 520 sq. km, while the entire Corbett Tiger Reserve (including buffer zones) spans 1,288 sq. km, not 826 sq. km as mentioned in the question.
• It is the first and oldest national park, but not the largest. The claim in statement 1 about being the "first largest" is incorrect because India's largest national park is the Hemis National Park in Ladakh.

Additional Information

• Project Tiger:
  • Launched in 1973, it is a centrally sponsored scheme aimed at conserving Bengal tigers and their habitats.
  • Corbett National Park was one of the first reserves to come under this project.
  • The project focuses on reducing human-wildlife conflict and ensuring the protection of the tiger population in India.
• Flora and Fauna:
  • The park is home to over 650 species of fauna, including tigers, elephants, deer, and crocodiles.
  • It also boasts rich flora, including sal forests, grasslands, and riverine belts.
• Tourism Zones in Corbett:
  • The park is divided into five tourism zones: Bijrani, Dhikala, Jhirna, Dhela, and Durga Devi.
  • Dhikala zone is the most popular and offers excellent opportunities for wildlife sightings.
• Jim Corbett:
  • The park was renamed after Jim Corbett, a British-Indian hunter-turned-conservationist, who played a key role in its establishment.
  • He is also the author of the famous book Man-Eaters of Kumaon.

The correct answer is 2.

Key Points

• The Indian Grey Wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) is listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, which provides it the highest level of protection against poaching and hunting.
• Schedule I species are considered critically endangered or highly threatened, and harming them is a punishable offense under Indian law.
• The inclusion under Schedule I aims to conserve the dwindling population of the Indian Grey Wolf, which faces threats like habitat destruction and human-wildlife conflict.
• India's Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, is a comprehensive legislation aimed at the conservation of wildlife and biodiversity through the categorization of species across six schedules.
• Illegal killing or capturing of a Schedule I species, including the Indian Grey Wolf, can result in imprisonment of up to seven years and a fine.

Additional Information

• Wildlife Protection Act, 1972:
  • This act was enacted to safeguard wildlife and their habitats, and it provides a legal framework for the establishment of protected areas like national parks and sanctuaries.
  • The act categorizes animals into Schedules I-VI, with Schedule I providing the highest protection and Schedule VI focusing on plant conservation.
• Threats to the Indian Grey Wolf:
  • Major threats include habitat fragmentation, retaliatory killings by farmers due to livestock predation, and competition with feral dogs for resources.
  • Its population is declining in many regions of India, necessitating strict conservation measures.
• Conservation Efforts in India:
  • India has several conservation programs and policies in place, including Project Tiger and Project Elephant, with similar initiatives being encouraged for other endangered species like the Indian Grey Wolf.
  • Protected areas such as national parks and wildlife sanctuaries play a crucial role in preserving wolf habitats.
• Role of Schedules in Wildlife Protection:
  • Schedules in the Wildlife Protection Act categorize species based on their conservation status and the level of protection required.
  • Species listed in Schedule I and II are provided the highest legal protection, while those in lower schedules like V may be considered less endangered or even vermin in certain contexts.

The correct answer is Latehar.

In News

• Mahuadanr, India’s first wolf sanctuary in Jharkhand, offers hope for an often-vilified Indian carnivore.

Key Points

• The Mahuadanr Wolf Sanctuary, located in the Latehar district of Jharkhand, is India’s first and only wolf sanctuary.
• The sanctuary was established in 1976 to protect the endangered Indian Grey Wolf (Canis lupus pallipes).
• It spans an area of approximately 63 square kilometers and is part of the Betla National Park and Palamau Tiger Reserve buffer zone.
• The sanctuary is known for its semi-arid landscapes, grasslands, and shrub forests, which provide an ideal habitat for wolves.
• Other wildlife species found here include jackals, foxes, leopards, and various bird species, making it a biodiversity hotspot in the region.

Additional Information

• Indian Grey Wolf:
  • The Indian Grey Wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) is a subspecies of the grey wolf and is native to the Indian subcontinent.
  • This species is classified as Endangered under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, and is listed in Appendix I of CITES.
  • They are primarily found in grasslands, scrublands, and semi-arid regions and are known for their elusive and nocturnal behavior.
• Conservation Challenges:
  • Habitat loss, human-wildlife conflict, and poaching are the primary threats to the survival of wolves in India.
  • Efforts are being made to involve local communities in conservation activities to minimize conflicts.
• Other Sanctuaries in Jharkhand:
  • Betla National Park – Known for tigers and elephants.
  • Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary – Famous for diverse flora and fauna.
• Significance of Wildlife Sanctuaries:
  • Wildlife sanctuaries play a crucial role in conserving biodiversity and protecting endangered species.
  • They also act as key ecological zones that help maintain the balance of nature and provide opportunities for research and education.

The correct answer is Similipal.

In NewsUnder the Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972, the Odisha government formally designated Similipal as a national park in a historic conservation effort. 

Currently the 107th national park in India, Similipal is located in the Mayurbhanj district and spans 845.7 square kilometers, making it the largest in Odisha.

Key Points

• Similipal Tiger Reserve has now been declared a National Park, making it Odisha’s second.
• It is the 107th national park in India, after Bhitarkanika in Odisha.
• The core area of around 845 sq. km has received this designation.
• Similipal is known for Bengal tigers, elephants, and has been part of UNESCO’s Biosphere Reserves since 2009.

Additional Information

• Satkosia: A tiger reserve located along the Mahanadi River in Odisha, known for its gorge ecosystem and gharial conservation, but not yet a national park.
• Bhitarkanika: Odisha’s first national park, famous for mangrove forests and saltwater crocodiles; designated earlier than Similipal.
• Debrigarh: A wildlife sanctuary in Western Odisha's Bargarh district, known for its scenic Hirakud reservoir backdrop and rich fauna, but not a national park.

The correct answer is Construction.

Key Points

• As per the latest available figures up to March 2024, the Construction sector has the lowest number of active companies among the listed sectors.
• This is attributed to a relatively slower registration rate of companies in the Construction sector compared to Manufacturing, Trading, and other sectors.
• The decline in the number of active companies in the Construction sector is partly due to economic slowdown and reduced investment in infrastructure projects.
• Policy and regulatory challenges, including land acquisition issues and delays in project approvals, have also impacted the sector's growth.
• The data is based on the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) records, which track company registrations and active statuses in various industries.

Additional Information

• Manufacturing Sector
  • The Manufacturing sector has one of the highest numbers of active companies due to its significant role in industrial development and employment generation.
  • Schemes like "Make in India" have boosted the registration of companies in this sector.
• Insurance Sector
  • The Insurance sector is relatively smaller in terms of the number of active companies due to the highly regulated nature of the industry.
  • However, it has shown steady growth with increasing awareness about insurance and government-backed schemes like PMJJBY and PMSBY.
• Trading Sector
  • The Trading sector includes wholesale and retail trade and has a high number of active companies, driven by the growth of e-commerce and digital platforms.
  • It is an essential component of India’s economy, contributing significantly to GDP.
• Construction Sector Challenges
  • Issues like project delays, financial constraints, and policy bottlenecks have hindered the growth of active companies in the sector.
  • Despite these challenges, the Construction sector remains vital for infrastructure development and urbanization.

Option 4 is correct, i.e. Jharkhand and Bihar

Gautam Buddha Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in Jharkhand and Bihar.

The correct answer is Karnataka.

• Bankapura Peacock Sanctuary is situated in Karnataka.

Key Points

• Bankapura Peacock Sanctuary:
  • The sanctuary is famous for peacocks is situated in Karnataka.
  • The sanctuary is located inside the Bankapura Fort.
  • The sanctuary has more than 1000 peacocks.
• Other national parks and sanctuaries in Karnataka are Bandipur National Park, Nagarhole National Park, Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary, Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary, Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary, Bannerghatta National Park and Kabini.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Uttarakhand​.

Key Points

• Askot Wildlife Sanctuary in Uttarakhand’s Pithoragarh has been declared as an Eco-Sensitive Zone (ESZ) by the Union Environment Ministry.
• The sanctuary area is now limited from the original area of 599.93 square km to only 454.65 square km giving a comparatively little area for the fauna to move around.
• Known as ‘Green Paradise on the Earth’, the sanctuary was established in 1986.

Additional Information

• It was established to protect the endangered flagship species Musk Deer and its habitat.
• As per the gazette notification issued by the Union Environment Ministry, the Sanctuary area has been reduced—a stretch of 146 square kilometers along which over 111 villages are located has  been kept out of the ESZ ambit with an aim to make the flagship species habitat safe from human interferences.
• In the sanctuary there are 2600 plants, 250 birds and 37 mammal species like snow leopard, Himalayan black bear, Himalayan tahr, blue sheep, serow besides musk deer.
• Among the fauna are species like loong, monal, kalij pheasant and cheer pheasant.
• Uttarakhand:.
  • Lok Sabha seats - 5.
  • Rajya Sabha seats - 3.
  • State Animal - Alpine musk deer.
  • State Bird - Himalayan monal.
  • Registered GI - Uttarakhand Tejpat.
  • National Parks - Corbett National Park, Gangotri National Park, Govind National Park, Nanda Devi National Park, Rajaji National Park, Valley of Flowers National Park.

The correct answer is Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary.

• 'Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary' is the largest wildlife sanctuary of Madhya Pradesh.
• It is a potential site for the re-introduction of Cheetah in India.

Additional Information

• The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) in February 2019 told a bench of the Supreme Court that African cheetahs would be translocated to India from Namibia and would be kept at Nauradehi wildlife sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh.
• The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has given no objection to the translocation.
• India's last spotted cheetah had died in 1947.
• In 1952, the animal was declared extinct in the country.

The correct answer is Warangal.

Key Points

• Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary
  • It was established in the year 1952 and is located around 50 km away from the town of Warangal, in the state of Telangana. Hence, Option 1 is correct.
  • This town is located in Warangal District.
  • Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary is located beside Pakhal Lake, which is an artificial lake.
  • Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary is spread over a total area of 839 sq km and the area of Pakhal Lake is around 30 sq km.
  • The area of Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary consists of a large plateau bounded by low hills and is rich with diverse natural vegetation, which includes tropical dry deciduous mixed forests, mixed teak, and bamboo forests.
  • There are also various species of animals that can be found here.
  • The natural picturesque magnificence and landscape of Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary is extremely captivating and attracts several tourists throughout the year.
  • Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary was established in the year 1952.
  • The man-made Pakhal Lake, situated in the vicinity, was constructed during the first decade of the 13th century (1213 AD), by Ganapati Deva, the Kakatiyan Ruler.
  • The name of Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary was derived from the name of the person who excavated the lake.

Important Points

• ​Wildlife Sanctuaries
  • Sanctuary is an area that is of adequate ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, natural, or zoological significance.
  • The Sanctuary is declared for the purpose of protecting, propagating, or developing wildlife or its environment. Certain rights of people living inside the Sanctuary could be permitted.
  • Wildlife sanctuaries of India are classified as IUCN Category IV protected areas.
  • Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 provided for the declaration of certain areas by the State government as wildlife sanctuaries if the area was thought to be of adequate ecological, geomorphological, and natural significance.
  • As of August 2021, 566 wildlife sanctuaries were established in the country which is 3.72 % of the geographical area of the country.
  • The oldest bird sanctuary is Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary near Chennai in Tamil Nadu state. It was established in 1796.

The correct answer is Satpura National Park.

• Satpura National Park is the first reserve forest of India.

Key Points

• Satpura National Park is a wildlife habitat located on the border of Satpura in the Hoshangabad district of Madhya Pradesh.
  • It is surrounded by Bori and Pachmarhi Wildlife Sanctuaries.
  • It was first introduced by the popular bird watcher Dr. Salim Ali in the year 1981.
  • Terrain: Sandstone peaks, narrow valleys, ravines, and dense forests.
  • Fauna: Indian giant squirrel, porcupine, hornbill, peacock.
  • Flora: Sal, teak, tendu, Phyllanthus Emblica, medicinal plants.
  • The Denwa River is the main water source of the park.

Important Points

• Jim Corbett National Park is located in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand.
  • Also known as Hailey National Park, it is the oldest national park established in the year 1936.
  • The park includes the Patli Doon valley formed by the Ram Ganga river.
• Ranthambore National Park is located in Sawai Madhapur, Rajasthan.
  • It is bounded by the Banas River in the north and the Chambal River in the south.
• Gir National Park is a wildlife sanctuary in Gujarat, western India.

The correct answer is Mudumalai Sanctuary - A.P.

Key Points

• Mudumalai National Park is a national park in the Nilgiri Mountains in Tamil Nadu, South India.
• National Parks in Tamil Nadu:
  • Guindy National Park, Gulf of Mannar National Park, Indira Sanctuary, Mudumalai National Park, Mukurthi National Park, Palani Hills National Park.
• Wildlife Sanctuaries in Tamil Nadu:
  • Sathyamanglam Wildlife Sanctuary, Shenbagat

Additional Information

• National parks in Assam
  • Dibru-Saikowa National Park, Kaziranga National Park, Manas National Park, Orang National Park.
• Wildlife Sanctuaries in Assam
  • Bornadi Wildlife Sanctuary, Garampani Wildlife Sanctuary,  Sonai Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary, Laokhowa Wildlife Sanctuary, Pabha Wildlife Sanctuary, Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary.
• National parks in Madhya Pradesh
  • Bandhavgarh National Park, Fossil National Park, Fossil National Park, Indira Priyadarshini Pench National Park, Kanha National Park, Madhav National Park, Panna National Park, Sanjay National Park, Satpura National Park, Van Vihar National Park.
• Wildlife Sanctuaries in Madhya Pradesh
  • Bagdara Wildlife Sanctuary, Bori Wildlife Sanctuary, Phen Wildlife Sanctuary, Ghatigaon Wildlife Sanctuary, Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary, Karera Wildlife Sanctuary, Ken Ghariyal Sanctuary, Kheoni Sanctuary, Narsinghgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary, Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary, Sanjay-Dubri Wildlife Sanctuary, Singhori Wildlife Sanctuary, Son Ghariyal Sanctuary, Sardarpur Sanctuary.
• National Parks in J&K
  • City Forest National Park, Dachigam National Park, Kishtwar National Park.
• Wildlife Sanctuary in J&K
  • Karakoram Wildlife Sanctuary, Kanji Wildlife Sanctuary, Hirpora Wildlife Sanctuary, Changtang Wildlife Sanctuary.

The correct answer is Ramgarh Vishdhari Sanctuary.

Key Points

• The Ramgarh Vishdhari Sanctuary in Rajasthan was notified as India's 52nd tiger reserve on May 16, 2022.
• This is Rajasthan's fourth tiger reserve after Ranthambore, Sariska and Mukundra.
• According to "Status of Tigers in India" report released in 2019, there are 2,967 tigers in 20 states across the country.

Additional Information

• ​Rajasthan is a state in northern India.
• It covers 342,239 square kilometres or 10.4 per cent of India's total geographical area.
• It is the largest Indian state by area and the seventh largest by population. 
• ​Rajasthan:
  • Established: March 30, 1949
  • Literacy (2011): 66.1%
  • Governor: Kalraj Mishra
  • Capital: Jaipur
  • Chief minister: Bhajan lal Sharma

Key Points 

• Rann of Kachchh is located in the state of Gujarat in India.
• The Wild Ass Sanctuary in Rann of Kachchh is home to the endangered Indian Wild Ass, also known as the Ghudkhur.
• The sanctuary spans across an area of 5,000 sq km and also houses other species like desert fox, wolf, and chinkara.
• The Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 applied to the wildlife sanctuary when it was established in 1972.

Additional Information

• Sunderbans:
  • It is located in the delta region of the Bay of Bengal.
  • It is a mangrove forest and declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
  • It is home to the Royal Bengal Tiger and other species like saltwater crocodile, Indian python, and spotted deer.
• Ladakh:
  • It is located in the northernmost region of India.
  • It is known for its unique culture, high altitude lakes, and stunning landscapes.
  • It is also home to rare species like the snow leopard, Tibetan wolf, and Himalayan griffon.
• Spiti Valley:
  • It is located in the Himalayan region.
  • It is known for its rugged terrain and Buddhist monasteries.
  • It is home to rare species like the Himalayan ibex, snow leopard, and Tibetan wolf.

The correct answer is Hoshangabad.

• Bori Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Hoshangabad district of Madhya Pradesh state and covers 518 sq km.

Additional Information