Art & Culture MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Art & Culture - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Santhal.

Key Points

• The Santhal tribe is the largest tribal community in Jharkhand, constituting around 34% of the total tribal population in the state.
• Santhals are primarily concentrated in the districts of Dumka, Pakur, and Sahebganj in Jharkhand.
• The tribe has a rich cultural heritage, including the Santhali language, which is part of the Austroasiatic language family and has its own script called Ol Chiki.
• The Santhals are traditionally agriculturalists and have also been known for their involvement in forestry and hunting.
• The Santhal Rebellion (1855-1856) against the British colonial rule is a significant historical event in India’s tribal history.

Additional Information

• Tribal Population in Jharkhand:
  • Jharkhand has a significant tribal population, comprising 26.2% of the state’s total population as per the 2011 Census.
  • Other major tribes in Jharkhand include Oraon, Munda, and Ho.
• Santhal Rebellion:
  • The Santhal Rebellion, also known as the Santal Hul, was a revolt led by the Santhals against the oppressive policies of the British East India Company and Zamindari system.
  • It started in 1855 under the leadership of Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu.
• Ol Chiki Script:
  • Ol Chiki is the official script for writing the Santhali language, developed by Pandit Raghunath Murmu in 1925.
  • The script is unique and has gained recognition in India for preserving the cultural identity of the Santhal community.
• Cultural Practices:
  • Santhals are known for their vibrant cultural practices, including traditional dances like Santhal dance, performed during festivals like Sohrai and Karam.
  • Their music, played with traditional instruments such as the tumdak and banam, forms an integral part of their cultural identity.

The correct answer is a - 3, b - 4, c - 1, d - 2.

Key Points

• Yogishwar, the ancient name, corresponds to Jageshwar, which is famous for its group of over 100 ancient temples dedicated to Lord Shiva.
• Gothala, referred to in ancient texts, is identified with Gopeshwar, a town known for its spiritual significance and proximity to the Tungnath temple.
• Kalo Danda is the historical name for Lansdowne, a serene hill station in Uttarakhand established by the British in 1887 as a military base.
• Punar, an ancient term, is linked to Rudraprayag, a confluence town of the Alaknanda and Mandakini rivers, holding a significant place in Hindu mythology.

Additional Information

• Jageshwar (Yogishwar):
  • Jageshwar is an important Hindu pilgrimage site in Uttarakhand.
  • It houses the Jageshwar Dham, a collection of temples dedicated to Lord Shiva, dating back to the 9th to 13th century AD.
  • The site is located amidst dense deodar forests and is part of the Kumaon region.
• Gopeshwar (Gothala):
  • Gopeshwar is the administrative headquarters of Chamoli district in Uttarakhand.
  • The Gopinath Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is a prominent attraction here.
  • It serves as a base for pilgrims visiting the famous Tungnath temple, the highest Shiva temple in the world.
• Lansdowne (Kalo Danda):
  • Lansdowne, named after Lord Lansdowne, a Viceroy of India, is a peaceful hill station in the Garhwal region.
  • It is known for its colonial-era buildings and as the regimental center of the Garhwal Rifles of the Indian Army.
  • The Bhulla Tal Lake and Tip-in-Top viewpoint are major tourist attractions.
• Rudraprayag (Punar):
  • Rudraprayag is one of the Panch Prayags (five confluences) of the Alaknanda River.
  • It is the meeting point of the Mandakini and Alaknanda rivers, both sacred in Hindu beliefs.
  • The town is associated with various legends, including those of the sage Narada meditating here to please Lord Shiva.

The correct answer is Option 2: a - 4, b - 3, c - 2, d - 1.

Key Points

• Urgam Hydro Power Project is located in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand.
• Sonaprayag Hydro Power Project is situated in the Rudraprayag district of Uttarakhand.
• Surinagaad Hydro Power Project is located in the Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand.
• Kotabag Hydro Power Project is situated in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand.
• The association of hydro power projects with districts is crucial for understanding regional developmental planning in Uttarakhand.

Additional Information

• Hydro Power Projects in Uttarakhand:
  • Uttarakhand is known for its significant potential in hydropower generation due to its hilly terrain and abundant river systems.
  • Small hydro projects, like those mentioned above, are critical for meeting local energy demands and promoting sustainable energy practices.
  • Major rivers such as Alaknanda, Bhagirathi, and Ganga are vital sources for hydroelectricity in the region.
• Importance of District-wise Mapping:
  • District-wise mapping of projects helps in regional planning, resource allocation, and infrastructure development.
  • It assists governments in monitoring and managing environmental impacts of hydropower projects.
• Hydropower Benefits:
  • Hydropower is a renewable energy source that reduces dependency on fossil fuels.
  • It contributes to energy security and provides a reliable electricity supply.
  • Hydropower projects also serve as sources of water storage and flood control.
• Challenges in Hydropower Development:
  • Environmental concerns such as deforestation, biodiversity loss, and impact on aquatic ecosystems.
  • Displacement of local communities and socio-economic challenges.
  • Ensuring sustainable development while balancing energy production and environmental conservation.

Key Points

• Raja Rajeshwara Temple, also known as Brihadeeswara Temple in Tanjore, was built by Arumolivarman (Raja Raja Chola I).
• Sun Temple at Konark was constructed by Narsimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga dynasty.
• Vijayanarayana Temple in Belur, also known as Chennakeshava Temple, was built by Bittideva and Vishnuvardhana of the Hoysala dynasty.
• Vaikuntha Perumal Temple in Kanchi was constructed by Nandivarman II of the Pallava dynasty.

Additional Information

• Brihadeeswara Temple (Raja Rajeshwara Temple - Tanjore):
  • This magnificent temple is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the "Great Living Chola Temples."
  • It was built during the reign of Raja Raja Chola I in the 11th century.
  • The temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is known for its massive vimana (tower) and intricate sculptures.
• Sun Temple (Konark):
  • The Sun Temple is a 13th-century temple dedicated to the Sun God and is located in Odisha.
  • It is famously known as the "Black Pagoda" due to its dark color and was constructed by King Narsimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga dynasty.
  • The temple is designed in the shape of a massive chariot with intricately carved wheels and horses, symbolizing the Sun God’s chariot.
• Vijayanarayana Temple (Belur):
  • This temple is a masterpiece of Hoysala architecture, built during the reign of King Vishnuvardhana in the 12th century.
  • It is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is also known as the Chennakeshava Temple.
  • The temple is renowned for its intricate carvings, sculptures, and detailed pillars.
• Vaikuntha Perumal Temple (Kanchi):
  • The Vaikuntha Perumal Temple is an 8th-century temple built by Nandivarman II Pallavamalla of the Pallava dynasty.
  • It is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is located in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu.
  • The temple is known for its unique architecture and historical inscriptions, which provide insights into Pallava history.

The correct answer is Eastern U.P..

Key Points

• Biraha is a popular folk song tradition originating from the eastern region of Uttar Pradesh.
• It is deeply rooted in the rural culture of districts like Varanasi, Azamgarh, and Jaunpur.
• The themes of Biraha songs often revolve around separation, longing, and emotional struggles, especially of migrant workers.
• Biraha performances are typically accompanied by musical instruments like dholak, manjira, and harmonium.
• It is considered a vital form of cultural expression in the Bhojpuri-speaking belt of Eastern U.P.

Additional Information

• Terminology: "Biraha" is derived from the word "Viraha," which means separation or longing.
• The Bhojpuri language, widely spoken in eastern Uttar Pradesh, serves as the primary medium for Biraha songs.
• Biraha performers, known as "Biraha singers," often engage in lyrical duels during live performances to entertain audiences.
• This folk tradition is closely tied to the migration phenomenon, as many men from Eastern U.P. work in distant cities, leaving their families behind.
• Biraha songs play a significant role in preserving local folklore and oral traditions, passing cultural values and historical narratives across generations.

The correct answer is Tariqa.

Key Points

• Tariqa refers to the distinct spiritual paths or orders within Sufism in India.
• Sufi orders or Tariqas are organized around a spiritual guide or Sheikh.
• Prominent Tariqas in India include the Chishti, Qadiri, Suhrawardi, and Naqshbandi orders.
• Each Tariqa emphasizes specific spiritual practices and teachings aimed at achieving closeness to God.

Additional Information

• Tasawwuf:
  • It is the Arabic term for Sufism, which represents Islamic mysticism.
  • It focuses on inner purification and spiritual development.
• Dhikr:
  • Dhikr refers to the remembrance of God through specific phrases or prayers.
  • It is a common practice in Sufism aimed at achieving spiritual mindfulness.
• Sama:
  • Sama is a Sufi practice that involves listening to music and chanting to attain spiritual states.
  • It is often associated with the whirling dervishes of the Mevlevi order.
• Sheikh:
  • A Sheikh is a spiritual guide or leader in a Sufi order.
  • They are responsible for guiding their followers on the spiritual path.

The correct answer is Aalaap.

Key Points

• Aalaap is a free-flowing form of melody used in Indian classical music.
• It does not use words or fixed rhythm, focusing entirely on the musical notes.
• Performed at the beginning of a raga to set the mood and explore its tonal and melodic structure.
• Aalaap is often characterized by its improvisational nature, allowing the musician to express creativity.
• It is typically performed with a slow tempo, gradually building up to more complex sequences.

Additional Information

• Raga:
  • A melodic framework for improvisation and composition in Indian classical music.
  • Consists of specific notes and a scale, used to evoke certain emotions.
  • Each raga has its own unique characteristics and rules for note progression.
• Taal:
  • The rhythmic aspect of Indian classical music, consisting of cycles of beats.
  • Different taals have varying numbers of beats and structures.
  • Commonly used taals include Teentaal, Ektaal, and Jhaptal.
• Sargam:
  • A system of notation used in Indian classical music.
  • Consists of seven primary notes: Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni.
  • Helps musicians to learn and practice scales and melodies.
• Improvisation:
  • A key feature of Indian classical music, allowing musicians to explore and create spontaneously.
  • Requires a deep understanding of the raga and its nuances.
  • Often used in the performance of Aalaap to showcase the artist's skill.

The correct answer is Karnataka.

Key Points

• Bhavageethe is a form of expressive poetry and light music that is highly popular in the state of Karnataka.
• The genre typically involves the rendition of poems written by prominent Kannada poets, set to music.
• It is a unique blend of traditional and classical elements, creating a distinct style of folk music.
• The themes of Bhavageethe often revolve around love, nature, and philosophical musings, deeply rooted in Kannada culture.

Additional Information

• Prominent Poets:
  • Kuvempu (Kuppali Venkatappa Puttappa) - Renowned Kannada poet whose works are often used in Bhavageethe.
  • D. R. Bendre - Another celebrated poet whose poems are a popular choice for Bhavageethe compositions.
• Musical Instruments:
  • Traditional instruments like harmonium, tabla, and sitar are commonly used in Bhavageethe performances.
• Performance Style:
  • Bhavageethe is typically performed in a solo singing style, with the singer expressing deep emotions through their voice.
• Modern Influence:
  • In contemporary times, Bhavageethe has seen a fusion with modern musical elements, making it more appealing to the younger generation.

The correct answer is Jammu and Kashmir.

Key Points

• Chakri is a traditional folk music form originating from Jammu and Kashmir, widely performed during wedding ceremonies and cultural events.
• It is characterized by the use of musical instruments like the Harmonium, Rabab, Sarangi, and Naut, creating a melodious and soulful experience.
• Chakri serves as an important medium for storytelling, often narrating tales of love, folklore, and spirituality.
• It is one of the oldest and most popular folk music traditions of Jammu and Kashmir, reflecting the region’s unique cultural heritage.
• Folk artists specializing in Chakri music play a key role in preserving and promoting the rich cultural legacy of the Union Territory.

Additional Information

• Harmonium: A keyboard instrument commonly used in Indian classical and folk music, producing sound through air movement across reeds.
• Rabab: A string instrument widely used in Central and South Asia, particularly in folk music traditions like Chakri.
• Sarangi: A bowed instrument with a rich, resonant sound that is integral to Indian classical and folk music.
• Naut: A percussion instrument that adds rhythm and depth to the musical composition in Chakri performances.
• Jammu and Kashmir’s music culture is deeply intertwined with its history, blending elements of Sufi traditions, regional folklore, and spiritual themes.

The correct answer is a - 3, b - 4, c - 1, d - 2.

Key Points

• Yogishwar, the ancient name, corresponds to Jageshwar, which is famous for its group of over 100 ancient temples dedicated to Lord Shiva.
• Gothala, referred to in ancient texts, is identified with Gopeshwar, a town known for its spiritual significance and proximity to the Tungnath temple.
• Kalo Danda is the historical name for Lansdowne, a serene hill station in Uttarakhand established by the British in 1887 as a military base.
• Punar, an ancient term, is linked to Rudraprayag, a confluence town of the Alaknanda and Mandakini rivers, holding a significant place in Hindu mythology.

Additional Information

• Jageshwar (Yogishwar):
  • Jageshwar is an important Hindu pilgrimage site in Uttarakhand.
  • It houses the Jageshwar Dham, a collection of temples dedicated to Lord Shiva, dating back to the 9th to 13th century AD.
  • The site is located amidst dense deodar forests and is part of the Kumaon region.
• Gopeshwar (Gothala):
  • Gopeshwar is the administrative headquarters of Chamoli district in Uttarakhand.
  • The Gopinath Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is a prominent attraction here.
  • It serves as a base for pilgrims visiting the famous Tungnath temple, the highest Shiva temple in the world.
• Lansdowne (Kalo Danda):
  • Lansdowne, named after Lord Lansdowne, a Viceroy of India, is a peaceful hill station in the Garhwal region.
  • It is known for its colonial-era buildings and as the regimental center of the Garhwal Rifles of the Indian Army.
  • The Bhulla Tal Lake and Tip-in-Top viewpoint are major tourist attractions.
• Rudraprayag (Punar):
  • Rudraprayag is one of the Panch Prayags (five confluences) of the Alaknanda River.
  • It is the meeting point of the Mandakini and Alaknanda rivers, both sacred in Hindu beliefs.
  • The town is associated with various legends, including those of the sage Narada meditating here to please Lord Shiva.

The correct answer is Option 2: a - 4, b - 3, c - 2, d - 1.

Key Points

• Urgam Hydro Power Project is located in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand.
• Sonaprayag Hydro Power Project is situated in the Rudraprayag district of Uttarakhand.
• Surinagaad Hydro Power Project is located in the Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand.
• Kotabag Hydro Power Project is situated in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand.
• The association of hydro power projects with districts is crucial for understanding regional developmental planning in Uttarakhand.

Additional Information

• Hydro Power Projects in Uttarakhand:
  • Uttarakhand is known for its significant potential in hydropower generation due to its hilly terrain and abundant river systems.
  • Small hydro projects, like those mentioned above, are critical for meeting local energy demands and promoting sustainable energy practices.
  • Major rivers such as Alaknanda, Bhagirathi, and Ganga are vital sources for hydroelectricity in the region.
• Importance of District-wise Mapping:
  • District-wise mapping of projects helps in regional planning, resource allocation, and infrastructure development.
  • It assists governments in monitoring and managing environmental impacts of hydropower projects.
• Hydropower Benefits:
  • Hydropower is a renewable energy source that reduces dependency on fossil fuels.
  • It contributes to energy security and provides a reliable electricity supply.
  • Hydropower projects also serve as sources of water storage and flood control.
• Challenges in Hydropower Development:
  • Environmental concerns such as deforestation, biodiversity loss, and impact on aquatic ecosystems.
  • Displacement of local communities and socio-economic challenges.
  • Ensuring sustainable development while balancing energy production and environmental conservation.

Key Points

• Raja Rajeshwara Temple, also known as Brihadeeswara Temple in Tanjore, was built by Arumolivarman (Raja Raja Chola I).
• Sun Temple at Konark was constructed by Narsimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga dynasty.
• Vijayanarayana Temple in Belur, also known as Chennakeshava Temple, was built by Bittideva and Vishnuvardhana of the Hoysala dynasty.
• Vaikuntha Perumal Temple in Kanchi was constructed by Nandivarman II of the Pallava dynasty.

Additional Information

• Brihadeeswara Temple (Raja Rajeshwara Temple - Tanjore):
  • This magnificent temple is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the "Great Living Chola Temples."
  • It was built during the reign of Raja Raja Chola I in the 11th century.
  • The temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is known for its massive vimana (tower) and intricate sculptures.
• Sun Temple (Konark):
  • The Sun Temple is a 13th-century temple dedicated to the Sun God and is located in Odisha.
  • It is famously known as the "Black Pagoda" due to its dark color and was constructed by King Narsimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga dynasty.
  • The temple is designed in the shape of a massive chariot with intricately carved wheels and horses, symbolizing the Sun God’s chariot.
• Vijayanarayana Temple (Belur):
  • This temple is a masterpiece of Hoysala architecture, built during the reign of King Vishnuvardhana in the 12th century.
  • It is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is also known as the Chennakeshava Temple.
  • The temple is renowned for its intricate carvings, sculptures, and detailed pillars.
• Vaikuntha Perumal Temple (Kanchi):
  • The Vaikuntha Perumal Temple is an 8th-century temple built by Nandivarman II Pallavamalla of the Pallava dynasty.
  • It is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is located in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu.
  • The temple is known for its unique architecture and historical inscriptions, which provide insights into Pallava history.

The correct answer is Eastern U.P..

Key Points

• Biraha is a popular folk song tradition originating from the eastern region of Uttar Pradesh.
• It is deeply rooted in the rural culture of districts like Varanasi, Azamgarh, and Jaunpur.
• The themes of Biraha songs often revolve around separation, longing, and emotional struggles, especially of migrant workers.
• Biraha performances are typically accompanied by musical instruments like dholak, manjira, and harmonium.
• It is considered a vital form of cultural expression in the Bhojpuri-speaking belt of Eastern U.P.

Additional Information

• Terminology: "Biraha" is derived from the word "Viraha," which means separation or longing.
• The Bhojpuri language, widely spoken in eastern Uttar Pradesh, serves as the primary medium for Biraha songs.
• Biraha performers, known as "Biraha singers," often engage in lyrical duels during live performances to entertain audiences.
• This folk tradition is closely tied to the migration phenomenon, as many men from Eastern U.P. work in distant cities, leaving their families behind.
• Biraha songs play a significant role in preserving local folklore and oral traditions, passing cultural values and historical narratives across generations.

The correct answer is Maharashtra.

Key Points

• Powada is a traditional folk music form that originated in the state of Maharashtra, India.
• It is a form of ballad that narrates heroic tales, historical events, and the valor of warriors, especially the life and achievements of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.
• The performers of Powada are called Shahir, who sing these ballads with high energy and enthusiasm to inspire and engage the audience.
• Powada is widely associated with the Maharashtrian culture and is performed during festivals, cultural events, and political gatherings.
• This folk art form has played a pivotal role in preserving the history and cultural heritage of Maharashtra over centuries.

Additional Information

• Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj:
  • Shivaji Maharaj was a 17th-century Maratha king and a key figure in Indian history known for his administrative skills and military strategies.
  • Powadas often depict the battles and governance of Shivaji, glorifying his efforts in establishing the Maratha Empire.
• Shahir Tradition:
  • Shahirs are traditional folk artists who compose and sing Powadas. They play a significant role in spreading awareness and patriotism through their art.
  • In earlier times, Shahirs were considered the voice of the masses, raising social and political issues through their performances.
• Musical Composition:
  • Powadas are characterized by their high-pitched singing style, rhythmic beats, and the use of traditional instruments like the Dholki, Tuntune, and Manjira.
  • The music complements the powerful and dramatic narration of the heroic tales.
• Folk Arts in Maharashtra:
  • Besides Powada, Maharashtra is known for other folk art forms like Lavani, Tamasha, and Gondhal.
  • These art forms are integral to the cultural identity and traditions of the state.

The correct answer is Alagiri Naidu

Key Points

• Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma (1813–1846) was a renowned king of Travancore known for his patronage of art, music, and culture.
• His court was adorned by many great musicians and composers, making Travancore a significant cultural hub during his reign.
• Subbukkutty Ayya, Sivanandan, and Vadivelu were among the prominent musicians associated with his court.
• Alagiri Naidu, on the other hand, does not appear in historical records as being associated with Swathi Thirunal's court or his patronage of music.

Additional Information

• Subbukkutty Ayya: He was a musician and is believed to have contributed to the musical legacy of Swathi Thirunal's court. His works helped enhance the king's reputation as a cultural patron.
• Sivanandan: Another prominent figure in Swathi Thirunal's court, Sivanandan is remembered for his contributions to the Carnatic music tradition.
• Vadivelu: A member of the famous Thanjavur Quartet, Vadivelu is celebrated for his role in popularizing Carnatic music and the violin in South India. He was closely associated with Swathi Thirunal's court.
• Alagiri Naidu: There is no evidence or record of Alagiri Naidu being a musician or being associated with Swathi Thirunal's court, making him the odd man out in this context.