Animal Kingdom MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Animal Kingdom - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is A and C Only

Concept:

• Echinoderms have an endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles and, hence, the name Echinodermata (Spiny bodied)
• All are marine with organ-system level of organisation.
• The adult echinoderms are radially symmetrical but larvae are bilaterally symmetrical.
• They are triploblastic and coelomate animals.
• Digestive system is complete with mouth on the lower (ventral) side and anus on the upper (dorsal) side.
• The most distinctive feature of echinoderms is the presence of water vascular system which helps in locomotion, capture and transport of food and respiration.
• An excretory system is absent. Sexes are separate.
• Reproduction is sexual. Fertilisation is usually external.
• Development is indirect with free-swimming larva.
• Examples: Asterias (Star fish), Echinus (Sea urchin), Antedon (Sea lily), Cucumaria (Sea cucumber) and Ophiura (Brittle star).

Explanation:

• Role of the Water Vascular System:
  • Respiration: The water vascular system facilitates gaseous exchange by circulating water through structures like tube feet and dermal branchiae, allowing oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide release.
  • Locomotion: The tube feet, powered by the water vascular system, create suction to help the organism move and adhere to surfaces. This is critical for activities like crawling and climbing in their marine environment.
  • Capture and Transport of Food: In some echinoderms, the water vascular system aids in handling food. For example, the tube feet help starfish pry open bivalve shells or pass food particles toward the mouth

The correct answer is Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Concept:

• Chordates are animals that possess, at some stage of their life cycle, a notochord, a dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, an endostyle, and a post-anal tail.
• The notochord is a flexible rod that provides support in all embryonic and some adult chordate animals.
• In vertebrates, the notochord is present during embryonic development but is later replaced by the vertebral column (spine) as the main structural support.

Explanation:

• Assertion (A): The statement "All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates" is true. This is because vertebrates form a subgroup within the larger group of chordates.
• Reason (R): The statement "The members of subphylum Vertebrata possess a notochord, during the embryonic period, the notochord is replaced by a cartilaginous or bony vertebral column in adults" is also true. Vertebrates initially develop a notochord in their embryonic stage which is later replaced by a vertebral column made of cartilage or bone.

 The Reason (R) correctly explains the Assertion (A) because it details a key characteristic that distinguishes vertebrates from other chordates – the replacement of the notochord by a vertebral column.

The correct answer is Ectoparasite 

Explanation:

Cyclostomata is a class under the phylum Chordata which being the highest phylum has bilateral symmetry.This group includes jawless fish like hagfish and lampreys. They exhibit bilateral symmetry, not radial symmetry.

Characteristics of Cyclostomata:

• All living members of the class Cyclostomata are ectoparasites on some fishes.
• They have an elongated body bearing 6-15 pairs of gill slits for respiration.
• Cyclostomes have a sucking and circular mouth without jaws
• Their body is devoid of scales and paired fins.
• Cranium and vertebral column are cartilaginous.
• Circulation is of closed type.
• Cyclostomes are marine but migrate for spawning to fresh water.
• After spawning, within a few days, they die. Their larvae, after metamorphosis, return to the ocean.
• Examples: Petromyzon (Lamprey) and Myxine (Hagfish).

The correct answer is Pseudocoelomate

Concept:

• Animals can be classified based on the type of body cavity or coelom they possess. The coelom is a fluid-filled cavity between the body wall and the internal organs, providing space for organ development and function.
• There are three main types of coeloms found in animals: acoelomates, pseudocoelomates, and coelomates (schizocoelomates or enterocoelomates).
• In pseudocoelomates, the body cavity is present but it is not lined entirely by mesodermal tissue. Mesodermal tissue is observed only towards the body wall, and not towards the alimentary canal.

Explanation:

• Pseudocoelomate: Based on the researcher’s observation of the cavity lined with mesodermal tissue towards the body wall but not towards the alimentary canal, the animal has a pseudocoelom. In pseudocoelomates, the coelom is derived from the blastocoel rather than being completely surrounded by mesoderm. Examples include roundworms (nematodes).

Other Options:

• Acoelomate: Acoelomates lack a body cavity entirely. Their mesoderm fills the space between the body wall and the alimentary canal. Examples include flatworms (Platyhelminthes). 
• Schizocoelomate: Schizocoelomates have a true coelom that is formed by the splitting of mesodermal tissue during embryonic development. The coelom is completely lined by mesodermal tissue. Examples include annelids, mollusks, and arthropods.
• Spongocoelomate: Spongocoel refers to the central cavity found in sponges, which is not a true coelom.

The correct answer is India.

Key Points

• India is the only country in the world where both Bengal tigers and Asiatic lions coexist in their natural habitats.
• Bengal Tigers are primarily found in the Sundarbans, Central India, and the Himalayan foothills, while Asiatic Lions are exclusive to the Gir Forest National Park in Gujarat.
• The Gir Forest is the last remaining natural habitat for Asiatic lions, a species that was once widespread across Asia.
• India has been actively involved in wildlife conservation efforts, such as Project Tiger (launched in 1973) and the Asiatic Lion Conservation Project (initiated in 2018).
• These species are classified under the Endangered category by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) due to habitat loss and human-wildlife conflict.

Additional Information

• Bengal Tigers:
  • Scientific name: Panthera tigris tigris.
  • Native to India and commonly found in reserves such as Sundarbans, Ranthambore, and Kanha.
  • India accounts for over 70% of the global tiger population.
  • Known for their orange fur with black stripes, Bengal tigers are apex predators in their ecosystems.
• Asiatic Lions:
  • Scientific name: Panthera leo leo.
  • Exclusive to the Gir Forest National Park in Gujarat.
  • Smaller than African lions, Asiatic lions have a distinct fold of skin along their belly.
  • Gir Forest is a protected area established in 1965, ensuring the survival of this species.
• Wildlife Conservation in India:
  • Project Tiger: Initiated in 1973 to protect Bengal tigers and their habitats.
  • Asiatic Lion Conservation Project: Launched in 2018 to safeguard the Gir Forest ecosystem and lion population.
  • India's conservation strategies emphasize community involvement and habitat restoration.
  • These efforts have led to a gradual increase in the populations of these species in recent years.
• Global Context:
  • Bengal Tigers are found only in South Asia, whereas Asiatic Lions were once widespread in Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.
  • India remains the last refuge for Asiatic lions, making Gir Forest globally significant for biodiversity conservation.
  • Both species are icons of India's rich wildlife heritage and are integral to its cultural and ecological identity.

The correct answer is Collar cells.

 Key Points

• The body of sponges (poriferans) has several minute pores called ostia through which the water enters into the central cavity, spongocoel.
• The flagellated cells called choanocytes (collar cells) line the spongocoel.
• These cells generate a flow of water and the water current helps in food gathering, respiratory exchange and removal of waste.
• The water finally goes out of the body through a large pore called osculum. (Plural: oscula).
• The body wall of the sponge is composed of two layers: outer pinacoderm and inner choanoderm. In between these two layers, mesenchyme is present with various mesenchymal cells.

Additional Information

• Somatic cells make up the connective tissue, skin, blood, bones and internal organs.
• White blood cells are made in the bone marrow. They are stored in your blood and lymph tissues.
• These sex cells are also called reproductive cells or gametes. Sperm cells are produced in men's testicles and egg cells are produced in women's ovaries

The correct answer is Platyhelminthes.Key Points

• Platyhelminthes are also known as flatworms.
• Flatworms have unsegmented, bilaterally symmetrical, soft bodies, with a triploblastic construction (comprising three layers of cells) and a lacking coelom, skeleton, and anus.
• Example includes Planaria, Liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica), and Tapeworm.

Additional Information

• Cnidaria includes jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones.
  • They have radial symmetry, a single body opening, and stinging cells called cnidocytes.
• Ctenophora includes comb jellies.
  • They have radial symmetry and cilia for movement but also have a complete digestive system.
• Porifera includes sponges.
  • They have asymmetrical or radial symmetry, no true tissues, and filter food through pores in their bodies.

The correct answer is Aschelminthes. Key Points

• ​Roundworms are the popular name for Aschelminthes.
• They are distinguished by having a pseudocoelom.
• They either live freely or are parasites.
• They can be found on plants, animals, humans, and even in freshwater and soil.
• In the human intestine, Ascaris is discovered to exist as an endoparasite.
• The body is triploblastic and bilaterally symmetric.
• The body is long, slender, and not segmented; it tapers out at the end.
• There is no evidence of metameric segmentation.
• Males are often smaller than females since they are dioecious.
• Their bodies are organised on an organ-system level.​

Additional Information

• Platyhelminthes:
  • The flatworms, also known as platyhelminths, are a phylum of soft-bodied, relatively uncomplicated bilaterian invertebrates.
  • They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, and acoelomate.
  • They could be parasites or free-living beings.
• Ctenophores:
  • Sea waters are home to a phylum of marine invertebrates known as comb jellies, or Ctenophora.
  • They have two embryonic layers, the ectoderm and endoderm, making them diploblastic.
  • They lack a bodily cavity since they are acoelomates.
  • Ctenophores are symmetrical in all directions.
• Mollusca:
  • After Arthropoda, Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals.
  • Organ system level organization can be seen in them.
  • A cavity exists in their body.
  • The skull, visceral mass, muscular foot, and mantle are the different parts of the body.
  • Tentacles and complex eyes make up the head.
  • The body has a calcareous shell covering it.

Key Points

• Animals belonging to the phylum Chordata are basically characterized by the presence of a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, and paired pharyngeal gill slits. 
• These are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, coelomate with the organ-system level of organization.
• The notochord is a flexible, rod-shaped structure that is found in the embryonic stage of all chordates. It is located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord and provides support.
• The blood vascular system is present and it is closed type.
• They possess a post-anal tail and a closed circulatory system.
• Common Examples are- Branchiostoma, Ascidia, Lizards.

Explanation:

Phylum Chordata can be divided into 3 sub-phyla -

1. Urochordata - 
   • Notochord is present only in larval tail
   • Examples - Ascidia, Doliolum.
2. Cephalochordata - 
   • Notochord extends from head to tail and is present throughout life.
   • Example - Branchiostoma.
3. Vertebrata - 
   • Notochord is present in the embryonic stage and is replaced by a vertebral column in adult.
   • Examples - Fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals.

• Urochordata and Cephalochordata are together known as Protochordata and they are exclusively marine animals.
• Therefore, chordates except the vertebrates will have all the given features, which indicates the Protochordates.

Therefore, the correct answer is Protochordata.

• Limulus does not belong to the Phylum Annelida.
• Annelida are bilaterally symmetrical with an organ-system level of body organization.
• Limulus belong to the Phylum Arthropoda which is the largest phylum of Animalia which includes insects.

Additional Information

• Nereis is a genus of polychaete worms in the family Nereididae.
• It comprises many species, most of which are marine. Nereis possess setae and parapodia for locomotion. 
• The parapodia also help in swimming
• Pheretima also called “Earthworm” belongs to Phylum Annelida
• The earthworm is a reddish-brown terrestrial invertebrate.
• The common Indian earthworms are Pheretima and Lumbricus.
• They inhabit the upper layer of the moist soil.
• During day time, they live in burrows made by boring and swallowing the soil.
• Hirudinaria is an example of Annelida Phylum.
• The annelids are also known as the ringed worms and are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, coelomate, invertebrate organisms

Concept:

• The 5-kingdom classification of Whittaker places the organisms under Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.
• Kingdom Animalia is further divided into 11 phyla, which are in order of evolution, meaning they are placed from the most primitive to the most advanced.
• The phyla are: 

Porifera ⇒ Coelenterata (Cnidaria) ⇒ Ctenophora ⇒ Platyhelminthes ⇒ Aschelminthes ⇒ Annelida ⇒ Arthropoda ⇒ Mollusca ⇒ Echinodermata ⇒ Hemichordata ⇒ Chordata.

Important Points

• The circulatory system refers to the the blood vascular system, in which blood is circulated through heart and blood vessels.
• Circulatory system is present in all animals that have a true coelom.
• The presence of coelom or body cavity is an important basis of animal classification.
• All phyla from Annelida onwards to Chordata possess a true coelom and hence, also possess circulatory systems.
• Therefore, the phyla possessing circulatory systems are: Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Hemichordata and Chordata.

Circulatory systems can of 2 types - 

1. Open - ​
   • The pumped blood from the heart passes through blood vessels and are released into body cavities called sinuses.
   • It is present in Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata and Hemichordata.
2. Closed - 
   • Here, blood is pumped through a closed network of vessels.
   • It is a better regulated system and hence, more efficient.
   • It is found in Annelida and Chordata.

Hence, the correct answer is Annelida, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, Mollusca.

The correct answer is India.Key Points

• India is the only country in the world to have both tigers and lions in the wild.
• India is home to the Bengal tiger, which is the most common subspecies of tiger found in the country, and the Asiatic lion, which is only found in the Gir Forest National Park in the state of Gujarat.

Additional Information

• Kenya is known for its wildlife, including lions, but does not have tigers in the wild.
• South Africa is home to lions, but tigers are not native to the country.
• China is known for its giant pandas, but tigers and lions are not native to the country.
• It is important to note that while some countries may have tigers and lions in captivity, India is the only country where both species can be found in their natural habitats.

Correct Answer: 2)

Concept:

• Chordates are a group of animals having a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, and paired pharyngeal gill slits.
• Phylum Chordata is divided into three subphyla: Urochordata or Tunicata, Cephalochordata, and Vertebrata.
• Vertebrates are chordates in which the notochord is replaced by a bony vertebral column. ​

​

Statement I: All vertebrates are chordates, but all chordates are not vertebrates.

This statement is true, in vertebrate notochord is replaced by a vertebral column. The notochord is present in the embryonic stage and the adult stage, it is replaced by a bony vertebral column. So, all vertebrates are chordates, but all chordates are not vertebrates

Statement II: A notochord is replaced by a vertebral column in adult vertebrates.

This statement is true, the notochord is a cartilaginous rod that is found in the embryonic stage in vertebrates, and later, it gets replaced by a bony vertebral column. That is why they are known as vertebrates.

So, the correct answer is 2.

The correct answer is "(R) is the correct explanation for (A)"

Key Points

• The phylum name Platyhelminthes literally means "flatworms."
• Members of this phylum are soft, thin-bodied, leaf or ribbonlike worms, including the familiar planaria of ponds and streams, as well as the flukes and tapeworms parasitic in human and other animal bodies.
• It is a phylum of relatively simple bilaterian, unsegmented, soft-bodied invertebrates.​

Additional Information

• Various Phylums of Animal Kingdom are:
  •  Porifera
  • Coelenterata (Cnidaria)
  • Platyhelminthes
  • Nematoda
  • Annelida
  • Arthropoda
  • Mollusca
  • Echinodermata
  • Hemichordata
  • Chordata 

Concept-

• The five-kingdom system was proposed by R.H. Whittaker.
• The kingdom defined by him was named- Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.
• Kingdom Animalia is divided into sub-groups which is known as Phylum.
• There are 11 phyla in the kingdom Animalia.
  • Porifera, Coelenterata, Ctenophora, Platyhelminthes, Aschelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Hemichordata, Chordata.

• The presence or absence of a cavity between the body wall and the gut wall is very important in classification.
• The body cavity, which is lined by mesoderm is called coelom.
• Animals possessing coelom are called coelomates, e.g., annelids, molluscs, arthropods, echinoderms, hemichordates, and chordates.
• In some animals, the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm, instead, the mesoderm is present as scattered pouches in between the ectoderm and endoderm. Such a body cavity is called pseudocoelom and the animals possessing them are called pseudocoelomates, e.g., aschelminthes.
• The animals in which the body cavity is absent are called acoelomates, e.g., Platyhelminthes (Nematoda).

Therefore Nematoda phylum is characterised by the absence of true coelom.

Additional InformationEchinodermata

• These animals have an endoskeleton of calcareous ossicles and, hence, the name Echinodermata.
• All are marine with the organ-system level of organization.
• The adult echinoderms are radially symmetrical but larvae are bilaterally symmetrical.
• They are triploblastic and coelomate animals.
• The digestive system is complete with a mouth on the lower (ventral) side and anus on the upper (dorsal) side.
• The most distinctive feature of echinoderms is the presence of a water vascular system which helps in the locomotion, capture, and transport of food and respiration. 

Mollusca

• This is the second-largest animal phylum.
• Molluscs are terrestrial or aquatic (marine or freshwater) having an organ-system level of organization.
• They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, and coelomate animals.
• The body is covered by a calcareous shell and is unsegmented with a distinct head, muscular foot, and visceral hump.
• A soft and spongy layer of skin forms a mantle over the visceral hump.
• The space between the hump and the mantle is called the mantle cavity in which feather-like gills are present.

Annelida

• They may be aquatic (marine and freshwater) or terrestrial; free-living, and sometimes parasitic.
• They exhibit an organ-system level of body organization and bilateral symmetry.
• They are triploblastic, metamerically segmented, and coelomate animals.
• Their body surface is distinctly marked out into segments or metameres and, hence, the phylum name Annelida (Latin, annulus: little ring).
• They possess longitudinal and circular muscles which help in locomotion.
• Aquatic annelids like Nereis possess lateral appendages, parapodia, which help in swimming.
• A closed circulatory system is present. Nephridia (sing. nephridium) helps in osmoregulation and excretion.