What is 'Harmika' in the structure of Stupa?

The correct answer is Balcony-like structure on top of a semicircular mound.

Key Points

• Harmika is a small platform with a railing located at the top of a stupa.
• It is typically positioned just above the dome (anda) of the stupa.
• This structure symbolizes the sacred realm and marks the axis mundi, or the connection between the heavens and the earth.
• The Harmika is often crowned with a spire or a series of chatras (umbrella-like structures) that represent the Bodhi tree under which the Buddha attained enlightenment.

Additional Information

• Stupa
  • A stupa is a mound-like structure containing relics, used as a place of meditation.
  • The main elements of a stupa include the anda (dome), harmika, chatras, and the torana (gateway).
  • Stupas are significant in Buddhism and are seen as symbols of enlightenment.
• Anda
  • Anda refers to the hemispherical dome of the stupa, representing the mound of dirt used to cover the Buddha’s remains.
  • It symbolizes the world mountain, the seat of the gods.
• Chatras
  • These are umbrella-like structures placed atop the harmika, representing royalty and protection.
  • In many stupas, the chatras are arranged in a tiered formation.
• Torana
  • Toranas are the richly carved entrance gates found at the four cardinal points around the stupa.
  • They depict various events from the life of the Buddha and are significant in guiding pilgrims in their ritual circumambulation of the stupa.