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‘Utilitarianism’ in the professional ethics is

This question was previously asked in
UPSC ESE 2020 Paper 1
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  1. an acquired habit that helps to lead a rational life
  2. a skill to solve a current ethical problem by comparing it with similar problems from the past and their outcome
  3. a right of activists to decide their own duties
  4. a judgment of an action by the consequences of that action

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : a judgment of an action by the consequences of that action
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Detailed Solution

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Key Points

Utilitarianism:

  • It is an ethical theory that determines right from wrong by focusing on outcomes. It is a form of consequentialism. So, it is a judgment of an action by the consequences of that action.
  • Utilitarianism holds that the most ethical choice is the one that will produce the greatest good for the greatest number.
  • It is also the most common approach to moral reasoning used in business because of the way in which it accounts for costs and benefits.

Important Points

As we cannot predict the future, it is difficult to know with certainty whether the consequences of our actions will be good or bad. This is one of the limitations of utilitarianism.
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