The Froude number is the ratio of two forces, which are:

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SSC JE Civil 9 Oct 2023 Shift 1 Official Paper-I
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  1. buoyancy force and inertia force
  2. inertia force and gravity force
  3. viscous force and buoyancy force
  4. inertia force and pressure force

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : inertia force and gravity force
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Explanation:

Froude number is the ratio of inertia force to gravity force.

Froude number has the following applications:

  • Used in cases of river flows, open-channel flows, spillways, surface wave motion created by boats.
  • It can be used for flow classification.

Additional InformationThe Froude number, Fr, is a dimensionless value that describes different flow regimes of open channel flow. The Froude number is defined as the square root of the ratio of inertia force of a flowing fluid to the gravity force
\(F_r=\sqrt{\frac{F_i}{F_g}}\)
When:
Fr = 1, critical flow
F> 1, supercritical flow (fast rapid flow),
Fr  < 1,subcritical flow (slow / tranquil flow)

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