Identify the incorrect statement on the linguistic diversity of India:

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APPSC Group-1 (Prelims) Exam Official Paper-I (Held On: 17 Mar, 2024)
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  1. In 1961 census, 1652 languages were listed as mother tongues in India.
  2. Kachchi and Sindhi are Indo-European languages.
  3. Austric languages are spoken by the tribal groups in Jharkhand.
  4. Dardi is a Sino-Tibetan language.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Dardi is a Sino-Tibetan language.
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

  • In the 1961 census, 1652 languages were listed as mother tongues in India, highlighting the country's vast linguistic diversity.
  • Kachchi and Sindhi are indeed Indo-European languages, belonging to the same language family as many other languages in North India and Europe.
  • Austric languages are spoken by various tribal groups in Jharkhand, contributing to the diverse linguistic landscape of the state.
  • Dardi is not a Sino-Tibetan language; it is actually part of the Dardic group of the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family. Hence, option 4 is incorrect.

Additional Information

  • Linguistic Diversity in India
    • India is known for its remarkable linguistic diversity, with hundreds of languages spoken across the country. This diversity is a reflection of India's rich cultural heritage and history.
    • The census of 1961 recorded 1652 mother tongues, indicating the wide range of languages spoken by various communities in India.
    • Languages in India are categorized into several major families, including Indo-European, Dravidian, Austroasiatic (Austric), and Sino-Tibetan.
  • Indo-European Languages
    • The Indo-European language family includes many of the languages spoken in North India, such as Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati, as well as European languages like English, French, and German.
    • Kachchi and Sindhi are part of this family, sharing linguistic roots with many other languages in the region.
  • Austric Languages
    • The Austric (Austroasiatic) language family includes languages spoken by tribal groups in various parts of India, including Jharkhand, Odisha, and West Bengal.
    • These languages are typically spoken by indigenous communities and have unique linguistic features.
  • Dardic Languages
    • The Dardic languages are a group of languages spoken in the northern regions of the Indian subcontinent, including parts of Pakistan, India, and Afghanistan.
    • Dardi is one of the languages in this group, which is part of the larger Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European family. It is not related to the Sino-Tibetan languages, which are spoken in other parts of Asia.
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