“Because every part of a certain machine is light in weight, the machine as a whole is light in weight” commits fallacy of :

The correct answer is - Composition

Key Points

• Composition Fallacy
  • This fallacy occurs when one assumes that what is true for the parts is also true for the whole.
  • In this case, the statement assumes that because every part of the machine is light, the entire machine must be light.
  • This reasoning ignores other factors such as the number of parts and how they are assembled, which can affect the total weight.

Additional Information

• Division Fallacy
  • This is the opposite of the composition fallacy.
  • It occurs when one assumes that what is true for the whole must also be true for its parts.
  • For example, assuming that because a cake is sweet, each ingredient used to make the cake must also be sweet.
• Accent Fallacy
  • This fallacy arises from misleading emphasis or taking words out of context.
  • For example, misleadingly stressing certain words in a sentence to change its meaning.
• Amphiboly Fallacy
  • This fallacy occurs due to ambiguous grammatical constructions.
  • For example, a sentence that can be interpreted in multiple ways due to its structure.