Alum as a coagulant is found to be more effective when pH range of water is

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WBPSC JE Civil 2016 Official Paper
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  1. 6-8
  2. 7-9
  3. 5-7
  4. 3-5

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : 6-8
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Explanation:

Coagulation:

(i) Coagulation is the process of adding certain chemical's to water to destabilize colloidal particles present in water. It is called as chemical conditioning of water.

(ii) Chemicals used to destabilize colloidal substances are known as coagulants.

(iii) Coagulants used are Aluminium sulphate (Alum), Ferrous sulphate (Copperas), Ferric sulphate and ferric chloride, and Sodium aluminate.

Alum [Al2(SO4)318H2O]

  • Alum is a universal coagulant.
  • It produces effective floc in the water when the pH of water is in the range of 6.5-8.5(alkaline range).
  • It requires sufficient alkalinity in water to produce floc.
  • It imparts non-carbonaceous hardness in water and water becomes corrosive

Effect of temperature on floc formation

  • When the temperature of water increases the viscosity of water decreases and thus effective floc is formed, which can be removed effectively.
  • When the temperature of water decreases the viscosity of water increases and thus the flocculation process takes time to form an effective floc.
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