Commercial Laws MCQ Quiz in தமிழ் - Objective Question with Answer for Commercial Laws - இலவச PDF ஐப் பதிவிறக்கவும்

The correct answer is 'Twenty-five thousand rupees'

Key Points

• Maximum monetary penalty under the RTI Act:
  • The Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005 empowers the Central Information Commission (CIC) to impose penalties on Central Public Information Officers (CPIOs) for non-compliance with its provisions.
  • Under Section 20(1) of the RTI Act, the CIC can impose a monetary penalty of up to Rs. 25,000 on a CPIO for violations, including refusal to provide information, delaying information, or destroying information that was the subject of a request.
  • The penalty is calculated at a rate of Rs. 250 per day for the period of non-compliance, up to the maximum limit of Rs. 25,000.
• Penalty for destroying information:
  • If a CPIO deliberately destroys information that was requested under the RTI Act, it is considered a serious violation.
  • The CIC can impose the maximum penalty of Rs. 25,000 in such cases as it obstructs transparency and accountability, which are fundamental principles of the RTI Act.

Additional Information

• Explanation of incorrect options:
  • Option 1: Twenty thousand rupees: This is not the correct answer as the RTI Act explicitly states the maximum penalty is Rs. 25,000, not Rs. 20,000.
  • Option 2: Five thousand rupees: Rs. 5,000 is significantly lower than the maximum penalty stipulated under the RTI Act. This option is incorrect as it does not align with the legal framework.
  • Option 4: Fifty thousand rupees: The RTI Act does not mention any penalty amount higher than Rs. 25,000. Rs. 50,000 is outside the scope of the Act and therefore incorrect.
• Importance of penalties under RTI:
  • The penalties serve as a deterrent for officials to ensure compliance with the RTI Act.
  • They promote accountability and transparency in public offices, which are key objectives of the RTI Act.

The correct answer is 'Section 8(1)(d).'

Key Points

• Section 8(1)(d) of the RTI Act:
  • Section 8(1)(d) of the Right to Information Act, 2005, provides exemptions to the disclosure of certain information that would harm a third party's competitive position.
  • It explicitly states that information including "trade secrets or commercial confidence, which would harm the competitive position of a third party," is exempt from disclosure unless a larger public interest warrants such disclosure.
  • This provision balances the need for transparency with the protection of sensitive commercial information, ensuring that disclosures do not unfairly harm businesses or individuals.
  • However, if the public interest in accessing such information outweighs the need to protect it, the information can be disclosed, ensuring accountability and serving public welfare.

Additional Information

• Explanation of other sections under RTI Act:
  • Section 8(1)(h): This section exempts information from disclosure if it would impede the process of investigation or apprehension or prosecution of offenders. It does not deal with trade secrets or commercial confidence.
  • Section 8(1)(f): This clause pertains to information received in confidence from a foreign government. It does not address trade secrets or larger public interest considerations.
  • Section 8(1)(e): This section exempts information that is held in a fiduciary relationship, unless disclosure is in the larger public interest. While it mentions public interest, it is specific to fiduciary relationships and not trade secrets.
• Importance of Section 8(1)(d):
  • Section 8(1)(d) is significant as it ensures transparency in governance while safeguarding sensitive business information.
  • It provides a framework to balance confidentiality with accountability, especially in cases where public interest demands access to information that might otherwise be protected.

The correct answer is 'Section 8 of the Right to Information Act'

Key Points

• Section 8 of the Right to Information (RTI) Act:
  • Section 8 of the RTI Act, 2005, provides a detailed list of exemptions under which information cannot be disclosed to the public.
  • This section ensures that sensitive and confidential information related to national security, sovereignty, and public safety is protected from being disclosed.
  • Key exemptions include information that would:
    • Prejudicially affect the sovereignty and integrity of India or its strategic interests.
    • Cause a breach of privilege of the Parliament or State Legislature.
    • Harm ongoing investigations or reveal sources of intelligence.
    • Violate the privacy of an individual or endanger the life and safety of any person.
  • In exceptional cases, even exempted information may be disclosed if it serves a larger public interest.

Additional Information

• Section 9:
  • Section 9 of the RTI Act deals with cases where access to information is denied if it would involve an infringement of copyright held by a third party.
  • It is not related to general exemptions from disclosure like Section 8.
• Section 7:
  • Section 7 specifies the procedure for disposal of RTI requests, including time limits for providing information, fees, and grounds for rejection.
  • It does not address exemptions from disclosure.
• Section 10:
  • Section 10 allows for partial disclosure of information if only certain portions of a record are exempt under Section 8 or 9.
  • It ensures that non-exempt information is still accessible to the requester.

The correct answer is 'forward the application to the concerned authority'

Key Points

• Forwarding the application to the concerned authority:
  • Under the Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005 in India, public authorities are required to provide information to citizens upon request, promoting transparency and accountability in governance.
  • If the information requested by an applicant is held by another public authority, the RTI Act mandates that the authority receiving the application must forward it to the appropriate authority within five days of receipt.
  • Additionally, the applicant must be informed about this transfer, ensuring that the process is transparent and the applicant is aware of the progress of their request.
  • This provision prevents applicants from being burdened with the task of figuring out which specific authority holds the information and ensures seamless access to information.

Additional Information

• Other options explained:
  • Return the application: Public authorities are not allowed to simply return the application if the requested information is not within their jurisdiction. Returning the application would defeat the purpose of the RTI Act, which aims to facilitate access to information.
  • Impose a fine: Imposing a fine is not the responsibility of the authority receiving the application. Fines under the RTI Act are levied only in cases of non-compliance, delay, or refusal to provide information without justified reasons.
  • Reject the application: Rejecting the application without valid reasons is against the principles of the RTI Act. If the information is not held by the concerned authority, the proper procedure is to forward the application, not reject it.

The correct answer is 'Section 4 of the RTI Act, 2005'

Key Points

• Section 4 of the RTI Act, 2005:
  • Section 4 of the RTI Act mandates proactive disclosure of information by public authorities.
  • It requires public authorities to maintain and publish detailed records of their functions, powers, and decisions for the public's access.
  • The aim is to ensure transparency and accountability in governance, reducing the need for citizens to file individual RTI applications for basic information.
  • This section also emphasizes the use of digital platforms to provide easy and widespread access to information.

Additional Information

• Explanation of other sections:
  • Section 8: This section provides exemptions under which public authorities can deny access to information. It includes situations where disclosure would affect national security, personal privacy, or public safety.
  • Section 5: This section deals with the designation of Public Information Officers (PIOs) by public authorities to handle RTI requests efficiently.
  • Section 6: This section outlines the procedure for citizens to submit RTI applications, including the format and requirements for requests.
• Importance of Section 4:
  • Section 4 is the cornerstone of transparency under the RTI Act, as it reduces the burden on citizens to seek information and encourages public authorities to self-disclose information proactively.
  • It promotes good governance by fostering openness and reducing instances of corruption and malpractices in administration.

The correct answer is Section 10.

Key Points

• Section 10 of the Right to Information Act, 2005, provides the power to segregate information.
• It allows the Public Information Officer (PIO) to furnish the part of the record which is not exempt from disclosure.
• It ensures that only the exempted part of the information is withheld while the rest is disclosed.
• This section plays a crucial role in maintaining transparency while protecting sensitive information.

Additional Information

• Right to Information Act, 2005
  • It is an act of the Parliament of India which sets out the rules and procedures regarding citizens' right to information.
  • The act was enacted to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority.
  • Under the provisions of the Act, any citizen of India may request information from a "public authority" (a body of Government or "instrumentality of State").
  • The act also mandates timely response to citizen requests for government information.
• Section 8 of RTI Act
  • Section 8 lists the exemptions against furnishing information.
  • These include information affecting the sovereignty and integrity of India, security, strategic, scientific or economic interests of the State, etc.
• Section 9 of RTI Act
  • Section 9 deals with the grounds for rejection to access in certain cases.
  • It states that a request for information may be rejected if the process involves an infringement of copyright.
• Section 11 of RTI Act
  • Section 11 pertains to the third-party information.
  • It provides the procedure to be followed when the information relates to or has been supplied by a third party and has been treated as confidential by that third party.

The correct answer is 1 and 2.Key Points

• The Indian Parliament passed the Right to Information (RTI) Act, which lays out the guidelines and processes for citizens' access to information.
• The RTI Bill was approved by the Indian Parliament on June 15, 2005, and it became operative on October 12, 2005.
• Section 18 (1) of the RTI Act provides grounds on which a complaint may be filed.
• The complaint may relate to the inability to file RTI to reach into, refusal to give information etc.
• under Section 19(1) of the RTI Act, an aggrieved person may prefer the first appeal within thirty days from the receipt of the response from the CPIO of the concerned public authority.

The correct answer is A, B, C and E only.

Key PointsRTI Act, 2005

• The Indian Parliament passed the Right to Information (RTI) Act 2005, which lays out the guidelines and processes for citizens' access to information.
• The previous Freedom of Information Act of 2002 was replaced by it. Any Indian citizen may request information from a "public authority" (a body of government or "instrumentality of state") under the terms of the RTI Act, and the "public authority" is required to respond promptly or within thirty days.
• Information must be delivered within 48 hours if it pertains to the petitioner's life or freedom.
• The Act also mandates that all public authorities computerise their records for widespread distribution and proactively disseminate specific types of information, reducing the need for citizens to file formal requests for information.

 Important PointsWho can ask for information under RTI Act, 2005.

• These laws permit requests for information from any citizen.
• The Jammu and Kashmir State is included in the scope of the Act's application to all of India.
• Holders of PIO (Persons of Indian Origin) and OCI (Overseas Citizens of India) cards may also request information under the RTI Act.
• Citizens, OCIs, and PIOs who reside outside of India may submit an RTI application to the PIO of the Indian Embassy, Consulate, or High Commission in that country, who will provide information on the application fee in local currency and the preferred method of payment.

Hence, it can be concluded that under RTI Act, 2005 only citizen of India have right to get information, hence the correct answer is A, B, C and E only.

The correct answer is Option D.

Key Points

• The Indian Parliament passed the Right to Information (RTI) Act, which lays out the guidelines and processes for citizens' access to information.
• The RTI Bill was approved by the Indian Parliament on June 15, 2005, and it became operative on October 12, 2005.
• Section 18 (1) of the RTI Act provides grounds on which a complaint may be filed.
• The complaint may relate to the inability to file an RTI to reach into, refusal to give information etc.
• under Section 19(1) of the RTI Act, an aggrieved person may prefer the first appeal within thirty days from the receipt of the response from the CPIO of the concerned public authority.
• Section 25 of the Right to Information Act (RTI) of 2005 states that the Central Information Commission or State Information Commission must prepare a report on the implementation of the Act's provisions.
• Section 12 of the Right to Information Act (RTI) establishes the Central Information Commission. 
• Therefore, The Commission's functions and powers are described in sections 18, 19, 20, and 25 of the RTI Act. Hence, Option 4 is correct.

Key PointsTo operationalise online, mobile banking, and debit card and credit card tools, the Right to Information Act is not essential because it is a separate act related to empowering ordinary citizens to question the government and its workings.

Important PointsTo operationalise online, mobile banking, and debit card and credit card tools, essential requirements are as follows: 

• Compliance with the Information Technology Act, 2000
• Satellite connection
• Selection of a portal and server

Hence, it can be concluded that Right to information act 2005, is not essential to operationalise online, interest, mobile banking, and debit card and credit card tools.

Additional InformationThe Right to Information Act, 2005: In order to enable the use of this fundamental right, the government passed the Right to Information Act in 2005.Objectives of this Act

1. Encourage people to challenge the government.
2. The law encourages accountability and transparency in how the government operates.
3. The act also aids in better serving the needs of the populace and reducing corruption in government.
4. The act aims to create more knowledgeable individuals who will maintain the essential vigilance regarding how the political system operates.

The Information Technology Act, 2000

• On October 17, 2000, the Information Technology Act, 2000, also known as the ITA, 2000 or IT Act, was published. It is the law that governs India's electronic commerce and cybercrime.
• The Information Technology Act of 2000 gives transactions made via electronic data interchange, other electronic means of communication, or electronic commerce legal status.