Political Processes in India MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Political Processes in India - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

The correct answer is 'Indigo Revolt, Pabna Agrarian, Kheda Satyagraha, Moplah Uprising'

Key Points

• Indigo Revolt (1859-60):
  • The Indigo Revolt was a peasant movement and subsequent uprising of indigo farmers against the British planters in Bengal.
  • The revolt was triggered by the oppressive and exploitative practices of the indigo planters, who forced the peasants to grow indigo instead of food crops.
• Pabna Agrarian Uprising (1873-76):
  • The Pabna Agrarian Uprising occurred in the Pabna district of Bengal, where peasants revolted against oppressive zamindars (landlords).
  • The movement was characterized by the formation of peasant leagues and demands for fairer rents and rights.
• Kheda Satyagraha (1918):
  • The Kheda Satyagraha was a non-violent resistance movement led by Mahatma Gandhi in the Kheda district of Gujarat.
  • It was launched to support the peasants who were unable to pay the high taxes imposed by the British due to crop failure and plague.
• Moplah Uprising (1921):
  • The Moplah Uprising was a series of violent uprisings by the Muslim Mappila community in the Malabar region of Kerala against the British and the Hindu landlords.
  • The uprising was fueled by agrarian grievances, religious fanaticism, and a reaction against British colonial rule.

Note: This question has been dropped by NTA.

The correct answer is 'Informal organisations of power'

Key Points

• Informal organisations of power:
  • Political parties, pressure groups, public opinion, and popular movements are considered informal organisations because they influence the political process and decision-making without being a part of the formal government structure.
  • They play a significant role in shaping policies, representing interests, and bringing about social change through advocacy, protests, and other forms of public engagement.
  • These entities are crucial in a democracy as they provide a means for citizens to express their views, hold the government accountable, and participate in the political process outside of formal electoral mechanisms.

Additional Information

• Formal organisations of power:
  • This refers to institutions that are officially part of the government structure, such as the executive, legislature, and judiciary.
  • Political parties and pressure groups do not fit this description as they operate outside of these formal structures.
• Helping the governments of the day in governance:
  • While these entities can influence governance, their primary role is not to assist governments directly but to advocate for particular interests and influence public policy.
• Existing only in democracies:
  • Although these organisations are more prominent in democracies, they can exist in other political systems as well, though their influence and functioning might be restricted.

The correct answer is 'A - III, B - I, C - II, D - IV'

Key Points

• Creation of States in India:
  • Jharkhand: Jharkhand was created on November 15, 2000, by bifurcating the state of Bihar. It became the 28th state of India.
  • Telangana: Telangana was officially formed on June 2, 2014, after being separated from Andhra Pradesh. It became the 29th state of India.
  • Goa: Goa attained statehood on May 30, 1987, making it the 25th state of India. Prior to that, it was a Union Territory.
  • Sikkim : Sikkim became the 22nd state of India on May 16, 1975, after merging with India.

Additional Information  

• State Reorganisation Act, 1956:
  •    This landmark act came into effect on 1st November 1956, following the recommendations of the State Reorganisation Commission (SRC).
  • It aimed to reorganize Indian states along linguistic lines.   
• Formation of the State Reorganisation Commission:
  • Established in 1953, the SRC was headed by Fazal Ali, with K. M. Panikkar and H. N. Kunzru as members.
  • The commission submitted its report in 1955.

The correct answer is They serve as catalysts for inclusive development

Linguistic conflicts play a multifaceted role in the political landscape of India, serving as both challenges and opportunities for inclusive development. On one hand, linguistic conflicts can create tensions and divisions within society, leading to political instability and hindering the pursuit of common goals. However, these conflicts also serve as catalysts for social change and progress by bringing attention to the linguistic rights and cultural identity of marginalized communities. By highlighting linguistic grievances, these conflicts compel governments to take proactive measures to address the needs of linguistic minorities and promote linguistic diversity. Through dialogue, negotiation, and policy intervention, linguistic conflicts can pave the way for inclusive development initiatives that empower linguistic communities, bridge social divides, and foster a more cohesive and equitable society.

The correct answer is Jawaharlal Nehru

Explanation:

Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister, emphasized the concept of "unity in diversity" and advocated for a decentralized federal structure to accommodate India's linguistic and cultural diversity.

The correct answer is All of the above

Explanation: The demand for Telangana statehood in India resulted in the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh into two separate states, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. It also led to the formation of the Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) party and caused significant political upheaval and protests in the region.

Answer: The correct answer is, c) Civil society groups to promote transparency and accountability

Solution:
The Right to Information Act (RTI) in India, enacted in 2005, is a powerful tool that is often utilized by civil society groups to promote transparency and accountability in government functioning. The Act empowers citizens to seek information from public authorities, thereby enabling them to scrutinize government decisions, expose corruption, and hold officials accountable for their actions. Civil society organizations, activists, and concerned citizens have been at the forefront of using the RTI Act to uncover information on various issues of public interest, such as the allocation of public resources, the implementation of welfare schemes, and the functioning of public institutions.

 Key Points

• Empowering Citizens: The RTI Act empowers ordinary citizens to seek information from public authorities, thus reducing the information asymmetry between the government and the governed. It enables citizens to participate more effectively in the democratic process and hold the government accountable.
• Promoting Transparency: The Act mandates public authorities to proactively disclose certain categories of information and to provide requested information within a stipulated timeframe. This helps to promote transparency in government functioning and reduces the scope for corruption and abuse of power.
• Strengthening Accountability: By providing access to information, the RTI Act enables civil society groups to expose wrongdoing, highlight inefficiencies, and demand accountability from public officials. It serves as a powerful tool for combating corruption and ensuring that public resources are used for the intended purposes.
• Facilitating Informed Debate: The information obtained through RTI requests helps civil society groups to engage in informed public debates on important policy issues. It enables them to challenge official narratives, propose alternative solutions, and influence public opinion in favor of their causes.
• Enabling Marginalized Groups: The RTI Act has been particularly useful for marginalized and disadvantaged groups, such as women, Dalits, and Adivasis, who have used it to access information on their entitlements, expose discrimination, and demand their rights.
   

 Additional Information

1. The RTI Act has been widely hailed as a landmark legislation that has transformed the relationship between citizens and the state in India. It has been used by a wide range of civil society groups, including grassroots organizations, advocacy groups, think tanks, and media outlets, to access information on a variety of issues, such as environmental protection, human rights, public health, and education.
2. Some notable examples of the use of RTI by civil society groups include the exposure of irregularities in the allocation of 2G spectrum licenses, the uncovering of corruption in the organization of the Commonwealth Games, and the revelation of the misuse of funds meant for the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA).
3. However, the effective implementation of the RTI Act has also faced several challenges, such as the resistance from public officials, the backlog of cases in information commissions, and the harassment and intimidation of RTI activists. There have been instances of RTI activists being attacked or even killed for their work, highlighting the risks associated with the use of this powerful tool.
4. Despite these challenges, the RTI Act remains a vital instrument for promoting transparency, accountability, and good governance in India. Civil society groups have played a crucial role in advocating for the effective implementation of the Act and in using it to bring about positive change in society.
5. As India continues to grapple with issues of corruption, inequality, and social justice, the role of civil society groups in using the RTI Act to promote transparency and accountability will remain critical. By empowering citizens to access information and hold those in power accountable, the RTI Act has the potential to deepen democracy and create a more just and equitable society in India.

Answer: The correct answer is, b) Advocating for the rights of workers and trade unions

Solution:
The All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) is one of the oldest and most prominent trade union federations in India, known for its unwavering commitment to advocating for the rights of workers and trade unions. The organization has consistently championed the cause of workers across various industries and sectors, including manufacturing, mining, transportation, and agriculture.

 Key Points

• Trade Union Solidarity: AITUC has been instrumental in fostering solidarity among trade unions across India. It has worked to bring together workers from different industries, regions, and ideological backgrounds to create a united front in the struggle for labor rights.
• Collective Bargaining and Negotiations: The organization has actively engaged in collective bargaining and negotiations with employers and the government on behalf of workers. It has fought for better wages, improved working conditions, job security, and social benefits for the working class.
• Political Advocacy: AITUC has recognized the importance of political engagement in advancing workers' rights. It has aligned itself with left-leaning political parties and has been involved in political movements to push for pro-worker policies and legislation.
• Organizing and Mobilization: AITUC has been at the forefront of organizing workers and mobilizing them for collective action. It has conducted strikes, protests, and demonstrations to pressurize employers and the government to address the grievances of the working class.
• International Solidarity: The organization has fostered international solidarity with workers' movements in other countries. It has been affiliated with the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) and has participated in international labor conferences and campaigns.
   

 Additional Information

1. The All India Trade Union Congress has a rich history of struggle and achievements. It played a significant role in the Indian independence movement, with many of its leaders, such as Lala Lajpat Rai and Jayaprakash Narayan, actively participating in the freedom struggle. AITUC was also instrumental in the enactment of several landmark labor laws in India, such as the Trade Unions Act of 1926 and the Industrial Disputes Act of 1947.
2. However, the organization has also faced challenges and setbacks over the years. The rise of competing trade union federations, such as the Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC) and the Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh (BMS), has led to a fragmentation of the labor movement in India. AITUC has also been criticized for its political affiliations and its alleged involvement in partisan activities.
3. Despite these challenges, AITUC remains a significant force in the Indian labor movement. It has continued to organize workers, particularly in the unorganized sector, and has been at the forefront of fighting for the rights of marginalized and vulnerable workers, such as women, Dalits, and Adivasis.
4. In recent years, AITUC has been actively involved in campaigns against the privatization of public sector enterprises, the dilution of labor laws, and the infringement of workers' rights in the context of globalization and neoliberal economic policies. It has also been advocating for the implementation of a universal social security system and the protection of the rights of migrant workers.
5. As India's economy continues to evolve and the nature of work undergoes rapid changes, organizations like AITUC will play a crucial role in ensuring that the rights and interests of workers are protected and that the fruits of economic growth are distributed equitably. The struggle for workers' rights, as championed by AITUC, remains as relevant today as it was a century ago.

The correct answer is  Decentralization of power and decision-making

Explanation-

Sarvodaya, meaning "welfare of all," is a socio-economic philosophy developed by Mahatma Gandhi. It is based on the belief that the ultimate goal of society should be to achieve the welfare of all its members, especially the poorest and most marginalized. Sarvodaya emphasizes the importance of nonviolence, cooperation, and decentralized decision-making.

Decentralization of power and decision-making is a key principle of Sarvodaya for the following reasons:

• Gandhi believed that centralized planning and control of the economy leads to inequality and exploitation. He argued that power should be decentralized to the local level, where people can make decisions about their own lives and communities. This would allow for more democratic and participatory decision-making, and it would help to ensure that the needs of all members of society are met.
• Gandhi also believed that the abolition of private property and the means of production is not necessary to achieve Sarvodaya. He argued that private property can be used for the benefit of all if it is used responsibly. However, he did believe that there should be limits on private property and that the state should have the power to regulate its use. He believed that decentralized ownership and control of the means of production would help to prevent the concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a few individuals or corporations.
• Gandhi was also critical of rapid industrialization and urbanization. He believed that these processes lead to environmental degradation, social inequality, and the alienation of people from their communities. He argued that Sarvodaya can be achieved through a more sustainable and decentralized approach to development. He believed that decentralized decision-making would allow communities to develop their own unique solutions to their problems, based on their own needs and circumstances.

The correct answer is A - II, B - III, C - I, D - IV
Explanation: The political landscape of India, as explored through various perspectives, is comprehensively covered in the following books: "Caste in Indian Politics" by Rajni Kothari (III), "The Oxford Companion to Politics in India" by Nirja Jayal and Pratap B. Mehta (IV), "The success of India’s democracy" by Atul Kohli (II), and "Political process in India, 1947-1991" by C.P. Bhambhri (I).

Key Points

• "Caste in Indian Politics" by Rajni Kothari (III): This book is likely to delve into the role of caste in Indian politics. It may discuss how caste influences political dynamics, party structures, and electoral strategies in India. Rajni Kothari, a renowned political scientist, might explore the historical and contemporary significance of caste in shaping political outcomes.
• "The Oxford Companion to Politics in India" by Nirja Jayal and Pratap B. Mehta (IV): An Oxford Companion typically provides a comprehensive reference guide. This book may cover a wide range of topics related to Indian politics, including historical developments, political institutions, key figures, and significant events. The perspectives might be diverse, offering a holistic view of the political landscape.
• "The Success of India’s Democracy" by Atul Kohli (II): Atul Kohli, a political scientist, might analyze the success factors contributing to India's democratic system. This could involve exploring economic, social, and political dimensions, as well as the challenges faced by Indian democracy and how it has adapted over time.
• "Political Process in India, 1947-1991" by C.P. Bhambhri (I): C.P. Bhambhri's work might focus on the political developments in India from its independence in 1947 to the early 1990s. It could cover the evolution of political institutions, the role of political parties, and key policy decisions during this period, offering insights into the political processes that shaped the nation.

 Additional Information

• To get a more detailed understanding of the political landscape of India from these perspectives, it is recommended to read each book individually. They likely provide nuanced analyses and scholarly insights into various aspects of Indian politics.
• Additionally, you may find reviews and summaries that offer further clarity on the main arguments and findings of each book.