Science and Technology MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Science and Technology - Download Free PDF

The Correct Answer is AIIMS Delhi.

In News

• India develops first indigenous MRI machine, set to be installed at AIIMS Delhi for trials.

Key Points

• India has developed its first indigenous Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machine.

• The indigenous MRI machine is scheduled for installation at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, by October 2025 for trials.

• The main goal of this development is to reduce treatment costs and decrease reliance on imported medical devices, as 80-85 percent of medical equipment in India is currently imported.

• The indigenous MRI machine will help make India more self-reliant in medical technology.

• The new MRI machine aims to lower the cost of treatment and provide better access to advanced medical technology.

The correct answer is Blue Ghost.

In News

• Blue Ghost, a private spacecraft launched by Firefly Aerospace, successfully landed on the Moon and aimed to explore the Sea of Crises.

Key Points

• Blue Ghost, launched by Firefly Aerospace, became only the second commercial vehicle to land on the Moon.
• The mission is to explore the Sea of Crises, a significant lunar basin visible from Earth.
• This marks a successful venture in the growing role of private companies in lunar exploration.
• The spacecraft's mission also highlights the advancements in landing technology for future lunar missions.

Additional Information

• Blue Ghost
  • Launched by: Firefly Aerospace
  • Mission: Explore the Sea of Crises on the Moon
  • Significance: Second commercial vehicle to land on the Moon
• Intuitive Machines
  • Company aiming to land the Athena spacecraft near the Moon's south pole.
  • Intuitive was the first private company to achieve a lunar landing, though its mission was short-lived.

The Correct Answer is Karnataka.

In News

• New species of jumping spider discovered.

Key Points

• New Species Discovered: Spartaeus karigiri

• Spider Type: Jumping spider, family Salticidae, subfamily Spartaeinae

• First Indian Record of Spartaeus and Sonoita genera
  → Previously known only from Southeast Asia and Africa

• Discovered In:

  • Karigiri (Elephant Hill), Devarayanadurga, Karnataka (Primary site)

  • Villupuram district, Tamil Nadu

• Distinct Features:

  • Male: Found in rocky outcrops and crevices

  • Female: Seen guarding eggs in natural setting

  • Known for intelligent mimicry and web-invasion hunting

  • Has keen eyesight, typical of jumping spiders

• Scientific Significance:

  • First confirmation in India of genera Spartaeus and Sonoita

  • Confirms presence of Sonoita cf. lightfooti, earlier thought Africa-exclusive

  • Highlights biodiversity in southern India’s rocky terrains

  • Suggests need for research on natural vs. introduced biogeographical spread

  • Deepens insight into adaptive mimicry and predatory behaviors in spiders

The Correct Answer is Spot-scanning Proton Arc Therapy.

In News

• Arc therapy beats tricky cancer while sparing nearby tissue.

Key Points

• First Patient Treated: A 46-year-old woman with skull-base parotid cancer.

• Technique Used: Step-and-shoot spot-scanning proton arc therapy (SPArc).

• What is SPArc?: A proton-based radiotherapy technique that delivers precise radiation doses to complex tumours.

• Main Advantage: Minimizes damage to surrounding healthy tissues.

• Developed by: Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, USA.

• Purpose: To maximize tumour irradiation while reducing exposure to critical organs like the brainstem, skull base, and optic nerves.

• Application Area: Useful in sensitive anatomical regions where traditional methods pose higher risk.

The correct answer is option 3.

In News

• After the Air India Boeing 787 crash in Ahmedabad, authorities used various DNA identification techniques to confirm the identities of victims.

Key Points

• Statement 1: Incorrect. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited only from the mother and matches can only be made using maternal relatives. Hence, Statement 1 is incorrect.
• Statement 2: Correct. Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis depends on non-degraded nuclear DNA and evaluates individual-specific repeating sequences. Hence, Statement 2 is correct.
• Statement 3: Correct. Y chromosome analysis traces paternal lineage and is useful for matching male remains with other male relatives such as paternal uncles or cousins. Hence, Statement 3 is correct.
• Statement 4: Correct. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) are stable markers used when DNA is highly degraded, often from personal items like toothbrushes. Hence, Statement 4 is correct.

Additional Information

• DNA from bones and teeth degrades slower than that from soft tissues.
• STRs are typically used in forensic labs due to their high variability among individuals.
• mtDNA is used when other forms of DNA are not recoverable due to decomposition or heat.

The correct answer is Prithvi.

Key Points

• Prithvi was the first Indian missile.
• It was a surface-to-surface ballistic missile.
• It was inducted into the Forces Command in 2003.
• It was developed under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP).
• It was developed by Defence Research Development Organization.
• Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was the brain behind this project.
• He was the former President of India, famously known as the Missile Man of India.

The correct answer is Sindhu Netra Satellite.

Key Points

• The Sindhu Netra satellite has been developed by the young scientists of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
• ISRO launched the 'Sindhu Netra' satellite using, PSLV-C51 from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh on 28 February 2021.
• It is capable of automatically identifying the warships and merchant ships operating in the Indian Ocean region.

Important Points

• India’s Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle PSLV-C51 also launched Amazonia-1 along with 18 co-passenger satellites from Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR, Sriharikota.
• Amazônia-1 or SSR-1 is the first Earth observation satellite developed by Brazil and launched by NSIL with the help of ISRO.
• It is the 1st dedicated commercial mission of NewSpace India Limited (NSIL), a GoI company under the Space Department

Additional Information

• DRDO
  • DRDO stands for Defence Research and Development Organisation.
  • Headquarters: New Delhi
  • Founded: 1958
  • Motto : Balasya Mulam Vigyanam (Strength's Origin is in Science)
  • Chairperson: Dr Samir V Kamat

The correct answer is 2024.

Mistake Points

• Two uncrewed Gaganyan missions will be launched in 2023-2024 and the final crewed Gaganyaan mission will be launched in 2024.

Key Points

• According to Union Minister of State for Space Jitendra Singh, India's first human space flight mission under the 'Gaganyaan program' is scheduled to launch in the fourth quarter of 2024.
• Gaganyaan, India's first human space mission, is set to launch in 2024.
• Two uncrewed Gaganyan missions, uncrewed mission 'G1'(in the last quarter of 2023) and the second uncrewed mission 'G2' in the second quarter of 2024
• The second mission will carry "Vyommitra", a spacefaring human-robot developed by ISRO, in the second quarter of 2024.

Important Points

•  India will become the fourth nation in the world to launch a Human Spaceflight Mission after USA, Russia and China.
• The major missions viz., Test vehicle flight for the validation of Crew Escape System performance and the 1st Uncrewed mission of Gaganyaan (G1) are scheduled during the beginning of 2nd half of 2022. 
• The astronaut training facility is getting established in Bengaluru and in advanced stage of completion.
• Basic Aeromedical training and flying practice completed as part of the Indian leg of training.
• The design of all systems of Gaganyaan has been completed. 
• The configuration and design of ground infrastructure have been completed and modifications needed are being implemented.

The correct answer is Iran.

Key Points

• Iran's paramilitary Revolutionary Guard launched a second satellite into space in March 2022.
• The Noor-2 satellite reached a low orbit on the Ghased satellite carrier.
• Ghased is a three-phase, mixed fuel satellite carrier. 
• The Guard launched its first Noor satellite in 2020, revealing to the world it ran its own space programme.

Important Points

• Noor 2 is orbiting at an altitude of 500 kilometres (311 miles). 
• The three-stage Qased, or "Messenger", carrier launched the Noor 2, from the Shahroud space port.
• The same type of rockets, which use a combination of liquid and solid fuels, carried the first military satellite.

Additional Information

• Iran:
  • Capital - Tehran.
  • Currency - Iranian rial.
  • President - Ebrahim Raisi.
  • National Sport - Freestyle wrestling.

The correct answer is PSLV-C52.

Key Points

• The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, PSLV-C52, carrying three satellites on 14 Feb 2022 from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota.
• It was carrying EOS-04, a radar imaging satellite.
• The other two satellites include one student satellite (INSPIREsat-1) from IIST, and a technology demonstrator satellite (INS-2TD) from ISRO.

Additional Information

• ​India’s Polar rocket, Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle PSLV-C51 has successfully launched Amazonia-1 of Brazil and 18 other satellites from the spaceport.
• The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) had launched the 51st mission of Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle PSLV C49 in 2020.
  • ISRO Chairman: Shri S. Somanath (as of Feb 2022).
  • ISRO Headquarters: Bengaluru, Karnataka.
  • ISRO established: 15 August 1969.
• Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched the country’s newest satellite named EMISAT, from PSLV C-45, from Sriharikota launch station.

The correct answer is ISRO.

• The word 'Vyommitra' is made up of two words of the Sanskrit language 'Vyom' and 'Mitra' which means space and friend respectively.
• This is the prototype of the Half-Humanoid female robot developed by ISRO.
• It was unveiled on 22 January 2020.

Additional Information 

• Vyommitra is planned to be sent on the manned space mission in December 2021 which will help the male astronauts.
• Under the "Gaganyaan" program, Vyommitra will be sent to unmanned missions at the end of this year and also next year before the astronauts left.
• The aim of its creation is that ISRO does not want to fly animals on board for its experiments like other nations do to find out how the human body reacts during long-duration in space.
• This humanoid robot will understand what weightlessness and radiation can do to a human body.

The correct answer is the Indian Institute of Science (IISc).

Important Points

• A team of engineers at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) had developed an intensive care unit (ICU) grade ventilator under the name of ‘Project Praana’.
• Recently, the team has successfully completed the prototyping of the ventilator, which is now in the process of being commercialised.
• The affordable ventilator uses only components made in India or components which are easily available in the domestic markets.
• The team developed the ventilator in a record 35 days.

The correct answer is Russia.

Key Points

• Yuri Borisov, the newly appointed director-general of  Roscosmos announced the plan to withdraw from the International Space Station.
• International Space Station was launched in the year 1998,and it has been continuously occupied since  November 2000. Along with Russia and USA the other countries includes Canada, Japan and 11 European countries.

Additional Information

• India is planning to lauch its first manned mission called Gaganyaan . Under this mission 3 people will be carried to space and willl stay there for a week.

The correct answer is 1991.

Key Points

• PARAM 8000:
  • The PARAM 8000 was the first machine in the series and was built from scratch.
  • Vijay P. Bhatkar is best known as the architect of India's national initiative in supercomputing where he led the development of Param supercomputers.
    • He developed the first Indian supercomputer, the PARAM 8000, in 1991.
  • PARAM is a series of supercomputers designed and assembled by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC).
  • PARAM means "supreme" in the Sanskrit language.
  • As of November 2020, the latest and fastest machine in the series is the PARAM Siddhi AI which ranks 63rd in the world.

Additional Information

• C-DAC:
  • C-DAC headquarters is in Pune, Maharastra. 
  • C-DAC was created in November 1987, originally as the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing Technology (C-DACT).
  • This was in response to issues purchasing supercomputers from foreign sources.
  • The Indian Government decided to try and develop indigenous computing technology.

The correct answer is Vikas.

Key Points

• ISRO successfully conducted a 25-second qualification test for its liquid propellant-based Vikas engine to be used under the Gaganyaan mission, in January 2022.
• The test was conducted at the ISRO Propulsion Complex in Mahendragri, Tamil Nadu.
• It was done to see how the engine performed in conditions that were not optimal, such as change in the fuel-oxidizer ratio or pressure in the fuel chamber.

Important Points

•  Three more tests will be conducted, totalling a duration of 75 seconds, to test the engine under varying conditions.
• Then, a long-duration test for 240 seconds will be conducted to qualify the engine for carrying humans to space.
• Two Vikas engines have already been tested for 240 seconds each under optimal operating conditions.
• This is one of the three engines that the space agency will have to qualify to finally make the entire launch vehicle human rated .