Rise of Indian Nationalism MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Rise of Indian Nationalism - Download Free PDF

Jyotirao Phule wrote 'The Cultivator’s Whipcord'.

Key Points

• Jyotirao Phule was one of the pioneers of social reforms in western India.
• He campaigned against untouchability and the pathetic condition of low castes, terming them as Dalits.
• Jyotirao Phule was born in a low caste Mali family at Pune in Maharashtra.
• He was aggrieved by Brahmanical domination over rest of the society.
• Jyotirao Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj in 1873 at Pune, Maharashtra.
• The main task of Phule's organisation was to work for the upliftment of the oppressed classes.
• He also endorsed the girl's education in and around Pune with his wife Savitribai Phule.
• In 1873, Phule wrote a book named Gulamgiri, meaning slavery. 

• In 1883 he published a collection of his speeches under the title Jhetkaryarlcha Asud (The cultivator's whip-cord) where he has analyzed how peasants were being exploited in those days.

Therefore, the correct answer is - Jyotirao Phule.

The correct answer is - Bhulabhai Desai

Key Points

• Bhulabhai Desai
  • He was a prominent Indian independence activist and lawyer.
  • He led the defense team in the first Indian National Army (INA) trials held at the Red Fort in 1945-46.
  • Desai’s defense strategy was instrumental in garnering public sympathy and political support for the INA soldiers.
  • His efforts in the trials significantly highlighted the legality issues and moral implications of the INA actions during World War II.

Additional Information

• Jawaharlal Nehru
  • He was the first Prime Minister of independent India.
  • Nehru was actively involved in the defense of INA soldiers but did not lead the defense.
• Mahatma Gandhi
  • He was the preeminent leader of the Indian independence movement.
  • Gandhi did not partake directly in the INA trials but supported the soldiers' cause through political advocacy.
• Sardar Patel
  • He was a key figure in the Indian independence movement and the integration of the princely states into modern India.
  • Patel was not directly involved in the INA trials but supported the movement's overall cause politically.

The correct answer is Lahore session, 1929.

• The Indian National Congress, on 19 December 1929, passed the historic 'Purna Swaraj' (total independence) resolution – at its Lahore session.
• A public declaration was made on 26 January 1930 – a day which the Congress Party urged Indians to celebrate as 'Independence Day.
• Jawaharlal Nehru was elected as President of the Indian National Congress in December 1929 at its annual session in the city of Lahore.
• In 1929, Lord Irwin, the then Viceroy of India, made a vaguely announced – referred to as the Irwin Declaration - that India would be granted dominion status in the future.

Important Points

• The Indian National Congress (INC) was formed by Allan Octavian Hume in 1885.
• The first session of INC was held in Bombay from 28–31 December 1885 under the chairmanship of W.C. Bannerjee.
• Sessions of Indian National Congress

The Correct answer is Rajaram Mohan Roy.

Key Points

• Rajaram Mohan Roy:
  • Ram Mohan Roy is considered the Prophet of Nationalism.
  • He is a tireless social reformer who inaugurated the age of enlightenment and liberal reformist modernization in India.
  • Raja Ram Mohan Roy is known as the father of Indian Nationalism.
  • He was called as The Father of the Indian Renaissance and the Prophet of Indian Nationalism.
  • Ram Mohan Roy was given the title of ‘Raja’ by the titular Mughal Emperor of Delhi, Akbar II.
  • Raja Rammohan Roy started the first Bengali language weekly newspaper (Sambad Koumudi )and also the first newspaper in the Indian language
  • Roy set up the Vedanta College to spread his teachings of Hindu monotheism.
  • Gopal Krishna Gokhale called Roy the ‘Father of Modern India’.

​​Additional Information

• Mahatma Gandhi:
  • He was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar.
  • He was a politician, lawyer, writer, and social activist.
  • Real name: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.
  • His father's name was Karamchand Gandhi, who was the dewan of Porbandar in Gujarat and Putlibai Gandhi was the mother of Mahatma Gandhi.
  • Kasturba Gandhi was known as the wife of Mahatma Gandhi.
  • He introduced non-violence tactics called Satyagraha against the British.
  • His first satyagraha was Champaran Satyagraha in 1917.
  • He was known as the father of the Nation, because of his contributions to the Indian Independence Movement
  • Khilafat movement, Non-cooperation movement, the Salt March, and quit India movement are the most popular movements of Mahatma Gandhi initiated during the fighting for freedom.
  • Rabindranath Tagore called him Mahatma
  • Autobiography: My experiments with the truth.
  • He was assassinated on January 30, 1948.​
• Jawaharlal Nehru:
  • Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India.
  • He was born on November 14, 1889, in Allahabad.
  • November 14 is celebrated as Children's Day in India.
  • He is the Prime Minister who has had the longest term in office.
  • He served as the prime minister of India from 15th August 1947 to 1964.
  • He is the architect of the Preamble of the Indian constitution.
  • He was the Prime Minister of India during the Indo-China war in 1962.
  • He served as the first chairman of the planning commission of India.
  • He was honoured with the Bharat Ratna in 1955.
  • The name Panchayati raj was given by Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • National herald is the newspaper started by Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • He is the first prime minister to die in harness.
  • Glimpses of the world, Discovery of India are the famous works of Nehru.
  • Discovery of India Deals with history, uniqueness, features of our country India.
  • Shantivan is the cremation ground of Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • He died on May 27, 1964, in New Delhi​​ 
• ​Rabindranath Tagore:
  • He was an Indian Poet, writer, painter, composer and social reformer.
  • He was born on May 7, 1861, in Calcutta.
  • He was the first Asian who received Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913.
  • His work Geetanjali got the Nobel Prize.
  • He was credited for writing our National Anthem Jana Gana Mana.
  • He was also written the National Anthem of Bangladesh. ( Amar Shonar Bangla).
  • Chandalika was a famous play of Rabindranath Tagore.
  • Rabindranath Tagore returned 'the sir' (Knighthood) award to the British government in 1919 to protest against the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in which 379 innocent people died at the hands of the British army. 
  • He founded Vishwa Bharathi, Oldest central university.
  • Rabindranath Tagore gave the title of Mahatma to M K Gandhi.
  • He died on August 7, 1941, in Calcutta.

The correct answer is William Jones.

Key Points

• Asiatic Society of Bengal 
  • Sir William Jones was an Anglo-Welsh philologist, a judge on the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William in Bengal, and a scholar of ancient India.
  • The Asiatic Society was founded in 1784 by Sir. William Jones. Hence, Option 3 is correct.
  • It is a unique institution having served as a fountainhead of all literary and scientific activities. 
  • In 1832 the name was changed to "The Asiatic Society of Bengal" and again in 1936 it was renamed "The Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal".
  • It was visualized as a centre for Asian studies including everything concerning man and nature within the geographical limits of the continent. It is located in Kolkata.
  • The library of the Asiatic Society has a huge collection of about 1,17,000 books and 79,000 journals in all the major languages of the world.
  • The museum of the Asiatic Society was established in 1814 by N. Wallich.

Additional Information

• Jonathan Duncan
  • He was Governor of Bombay from 27 December 1795 until his death in 1811.
  • He began his career in India in 1772, and in 1784 he was one of the charter members of the Asiatic Society founded in Calcutta by William Jones. 
• Lord Cornwallis
  • Charles Cornwallis (31 December 1738 – 5 October 1805) was a British Army general and official, known as Viscount Brome between 1753 and 1762 and Earl Cornwallis between 1762 and 1792.
  • Lord Cornwallis was the first Governor-General appointed under the new Act. Between 1786 and 1793, he represented the British government and was accountable to the Board of Control.
  • When the East India Company's mercenary interests clashed with state policy, he was able to defy them. He enacted numerous significant reforms within the East India Company and its territories, including the Cornwallis Code, which included the Permanent Settlement, which implemented important land taxation reforms.
• Warren Hastings
  • He was a British colonial administrator, who served as the first Governor of the Presidency of Fort William, the head of the Supreme Council of Bengal, and so the first de facto Governor-General of Bengal in 1772–1785.

The correct answer is Annie Besant.

Key Points

• Annie Besant was the first woman President of the Indian National Congress.
• She presided over the Indian National Congress at the Calcutta session of 1917.
• She was a leading member of INC.
• She established the Home Rule League in 1916 at Madras.
• She first visited India in 1893 and was involved in the Indian National Movement.

Additional Information

• Sarojini Naidu:
  • She was the first Indian woman president of the Indian National Congress.
  • She became the president of the Indian National Congress in the Kanpur session in 1925.
  • She was given the title of "Nightingale of India" for her contributions in the field of poetry writing.
  • She was called 'Bharat Kokila'.
  • She is the first woman to hold the office of governor in the dominion of India.
  • She became the governor of the United Provinces in 1947.

Important Points

• Chittaranjan Das became the president of the Indian National Congress in the Gaya session in 1922.
• Motilal Nehru became the president of the Indian National Congress in the Calcutta session in 1928.
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel became the president of the Indian National Congress in the Karachi session in 1931.

The correct answer is option Raja Ram Mohan Roy.

Key Points

• Raja Ram Mohan Roy established the “Atmiya Sabha” a precursor organization in the socio-religious reforms in Bengal in the year 1814 in Kolkata.
• It was a philosophical discussion circle where debates and discussions were held leading to the ideas for social reforms. 

The correct answer is Sabarmati.

Key Points

Dandi March or Salt Satyagraha was started by Mahatma Gandhi in Sabarmati launched on March 12, 1930, and it lasted till April 5, 1930, in Dandi (Navsari).

• It was a part of Non-violent Civil Disobedience.
• It was against the tax collected by the British Raj on salt and Gandhi opposed this by producing salt through evaporation.
• This significantly influenced American activist's Martin Luther King, James Bevel, and others.
• It is also known as the White Flowing River as all people took part in the march by wearing White Khadi.
• Gandhi called it “Poor Man’s Struggle”.
• Due to this, mass civil disobedience was observed and Indians boycotted British clothes and goods.
• International Walk for Justice and Freedom – Mahatma Gandhi Foundation re-framed and cast the Salt March in 2005 on the 75^th anniversary of Dandi March
• National Salt Satyagraha Memorial – Dandi (inaugurated Jan 30, 2019)

Mistake Points

• C Rajgopalachari, Gandhi’s associate organized Vedaranyam Salt March along the east coast while Gandhi launched along the west coast.
• C Rajgopalachari was the 1^st Governor-General of India after Independence.
• 1^st women arrested in Salt March – Sarojini Naidu
• To commemorate the 50^th and 75^th anniversary of Dandi March in 1980 and 2005 respectively, stamps were also released by the government.

(Stamp released in 2005 on the 75^th anniversary of Dandi Satyagraha)

The correct answer is Lahore.

Key Points

• The Indian National Congress, on 19 December 1929, passed the historic 'Purna Swaraj' – (total independence) resolution – at its Lahore session.
  • A public declaration was made on 26 January 1930 – a day which the Congress Party urged Indians to celebrate as 'Independence Day.
• It was the same session in which Jawaharlal Nehru was elected as president of Congress.

Additional Information

• The Indian National Congress (INC) was formed by Allan Octavian Hume in 1885.
• The first session of INC was held in Bombay from 28–31 December 1885 under the chairmanship of W.C. Bannerjee.
• Sessions of Indian National Congress before Independence:

The correct answer is Badruddin Tayyabji.

Important Points

Badruddin Tyabji was the first Muslim President of the Indian National Congress.

• Badruddin Tyabji was a prominent lawyer, Indian independence movement activist, and politician during the times of British India.
• He was the first Indian to practice as a barrister of the High Court of Bombay.
• He served as the third President of the Indian National Congress.
• Rahimtullah M Sayani was the second Muslim to serve as president after Badruddin Tyabji.

Additional Information

• Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was an Indian Independence activist, a congress leader.
• Hakim Ajmal Khan holds the record of 'sole person elected to the Presidency of the Indian National Congress, the Muslim League, and the All India Khilafat Committee'.
• Rafi Ahmed Kidwai became India's first Minister for Communications after Independence. 
• Rafi Ahmed Kidwai and Abul Kalam Azad were only two Muslim in Jawahar Lal Nehru Central Cabinet. 

The correct answer is 1960.

• The states of Maharashtra and Gujarat were created in 1960.

Key Points

The correct answer is 1915.

Key Points

• Satyagraha Ashram at Ahmedabad is the place where Mahatma Gandhi lived after he returned from South Africa in 1915.
• The “Satyagraha Ashrama” was founded by Mahatama Gandhi at Kocharab near Ahmedabad in the year 1915.
• Later in 1917, the ashram was shifted to Sabarmati and came to be known as the “Sabarmati Ashram”.
• The ashram was relocated because Gandhiji wanted to carry out agricultural activities.

Additional Information

• Mahatma Gandhi is known as the Father of the Nation and is commonly called Bapu.
• His birthday on 2 October is commemorated in India as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday.
• He was a prolific writer. One of Gandhi's publications Hind Swaraj was published in Gujarati in 1909.
• He was the leader of various movements (Satyagraha, Champaran Movement, Kheda Movement).
• On 9th January, we celebrate Pravasi Bharatiya Divas or NRI Day because Gandhiji returned to India on this day from South Africa in 1915. 
• He became the president of Congress during its Belgaum session, 1924. 

The correct answer is Swami Dayananda Saraswati.

Key Points

• Arya Samaj is a monotheistic Indian Hindu reform movement that promotes values and practices based on the belief in the infallible authority of the Vedas.
• Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati in 1875 in Bombay.
• There are 10 principles related to Arya Samaj.
• The famous freedom fighter Lala Lajpat Rai was his disciple.
• Swami Dayananda Saraswati is known as the 'Grandfather of Indian Nation'.
• The original name of Swami Dayananda Saraswati - Mul Shankar.

Additional Information

Raja Ram Mohan Roy

• Raja Ram Mohan Roy is known as the 'Father of Indian Renaissance'.
• He is also known as the 'Prophet of Indian Nationalism'.
• He started Atmiya Sabha in 1814 and Brahmo Samaj in 1828.
• He launched a movement for the abolition of Sati through his journals Sambad Kaumudi (1821) and the book named Precepts of Jesus (1820).
• The Mughal emperor Akbar II gave the title 'Raja' to Ram Mohan Roy.

Atmaram Pandurang

• Prathana Samaj was founded by Atmaram Pandurang in Bombay in 1867.
• He was one of the two Indian co-founders of the Bombay Natural History Society.
• Atmaram Pandurang served briefly as sheriff of Bombay in 1879.

Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

• Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was an Indian educator and social reformer considered the 'Father of Bengali prose'.
• The contribution of Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar towards such issues, the Widow remarriage Act passed in 1856.

The correct answer is 1946.

Key Points

• In 1946, Mahatma Gandhi visited Noakhali and other riot-torn areas to stop communal violence.
• The riots in Noakhali took place in the backdrop of unrest due to the demand for partition by the Muslim league.
• This happened in Noakhali, a place in then Bengal(now in Bangladesh) in the year 1946.
• Gandhiji visited the place to advocate his message of non-violence.
• A large scale of atrocities was committed against the members of the Hindu community.

Additional Information

• Important movements by Gandhi Ji:
  • ​1915 - Mahatma Gandhi returns from South Africa.
  • 1917 - Champaran movement.
  • 1918 - Peasant movements in Kheda (Gujarat), and workers’ movement in Ahmadabad
  • 1919 - Rowlatt Satyagraha (March-April).
  • 1919 - Jallianwala Bagh massacre (April).
  • 1921 - Non-cooperation and Khilafat Movements.
  • 1928 - Peasant movement in Bardoli.
  • 1929 - Purna Swaraj accepted as Congress's goal at the Lahore Congress (December).
  • 1930 - Civil Disobedience Movement begins; Dandi March (March-April).
  • 1931 - Gandhi-Irwin Pact (March); Second Round Table Conference (December).
  • 1935 - The Government of India Act promises some form of representative government.
  • 1939 - Congress ministries resigned.
  • 1942 - Quit India Movement begins (August).
  • 1946 - Mahatma Gandhi visits Noakhali and other riot-torn areas to stop communal violence.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethicist, who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule, and in turn, inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world.

Key Points

Champaran Satyagraha: 

• The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was the first Satyagraha movement led by Gandhiji in India and is considered a historically important revolt in the Indian Independence Movement.
• It was a farmer's uprising that took place in the Champaran district of Bihar, India, during the British colonial period. The farmers were protesting against having to grow indigo with barely any payment for it.
• Champaran, where tens of thousands of landless serfs, indentured labourers, and poor farmers were forced to grow indigo and other cash crops instead of the food crops which were necessary for their survival.
• These goods were bought from the farmers at a very low price. Suppressed by the brutal militias of the landlords, they were given negligible compensation, leaving them in extreme poverty.
• Even in the painful time of devastating famine, the British government levied a heavy tax on them and insisted on increasing the rate.
• Without food and money, the situation was growing progressively unbearable and the peasants in Champaran revolted against the government in indigo plant cultivation in 1914 (at Pipra) and in 1916 at (Turkaulia).
• Raj Kumar Shukla who was an indigo cultivator persuaded Mahatma Gandhi to go to Champaran and hence, the Champaran Satyagraha began. Gandhiji arrived in Champaran on 10 April 1917 with a team of eminent lawyers i.e.Brajkishore Prasad, Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, and  Acharya Kripalani.

​Hence, the correct answer is to protest against British exploitation of the Indigo farmers.