Local Urban Government MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Local Urban Government - Download Free PDF

The immediate Superior Officer of a District Collector in State Administration is Divisional Commissioner.

Important Points

• The District Collector is the chief executive officer of the district.
• A District Collector is an Indian Administrative Service officer (IAS).
• He is the in charge of revenue collection and administration of a district.
• This post is also referred to as the District Magistrate.
• The District Collector works under the supervision of a Divisional Commissioner.
• In revenue matters, he is responsible to the Government through the Divisional Commissioner.
• A division is an administrative area between the district and the state government comprising 3 to 6 districts, the number varying from state to state and from division to division within a state itself.

• Hence, in this chain of supervisory area administration, the revenue administration of the Collector has been superimposed by a Divisional Commissioner. 

Therefore, the correct answer is - Divisional Commissioner.

A tehsildar is a revenue officer who is accompanied by revenue inspectors.

• He plays a major role in rural administration.
• The Tehsildar’s office is where land disputes are also discussed.
• Tehsildars are appointed by the Financial Commissioner, Revenue, and Naib Tehsildars by the Commissioner of the Division.

• The Revenue Duties of Tehsildar are important.
• He is the In-charge of the Tehsil Revenue Agency and is responsible for proper preparation and maintenance of Tehsil Revenue Records and Revenue Accounts.
• He is also responsible for the recovery of government dues under the various Acts.
• He is supposed to have proper control over the working of Patwaris and Kanungos and for this purpose, the Tehsildar and Naib Tehsildars make an inspection of Patwaris and Kanungos working under them.

Important Points

Major roles played by a Tehsildar:

• Collecting land revenue
• Providing caste certificates to the students
• Keeping a track of the work done by the Patwari
• Making sure that land records are kept safely

Thus, we can conclude that in District Administration, the principal function of a Tehsildar is the Administration of Land Revenue.

The District is the Principal Administrative unit below the state level. It is a unit of administration covering most of the departments of Government.

Important Points The district collector, also known as the district magistrate, is a member of the Indian Administrative Service (IAS).

• The maintenance of law and order in district is the principal duty of the District Collector.
• For this purpose, the district police force headed by the District Superintendent of Police is kept under the control, supervision and direction of the district magistrate.
• The Indian Police Act of 1861 vests the police administration of the district in the District Superintendent of Police under the control of the district magistrate.
• Thus there is a system of dual control of law and order administration in the district, that is, control by the district magistrate and control by the departmental line headed by the Director General of Police.

Thus, we can say that maintaining law and order in the district is the most important responsibility of the District Collector.

The correct answer is A new election must be held within 6 months.

Key Points

• If a municipality in India is dissolved before completing its five-year term, a new election must be held within six months, as per Article 243U of the Indian Constitution.
• This provision ensures the continuity of local self-governance and prevents prolonged governance gaps.
• However, if the remaining term of the dissolved municipality is less than six months, elections are not mandatory.
• The State Election Commission is responsible for conducting these elections in accordance with the constitutional mandate.
• During the interim period, the state government may appoint an administrator or a special officer to manage the municipality's affairs.

Additional Information

• Article 243U:
  • It specifies the duration of municipalities, setting a fixed term of five years from the date of their first meeting.
  • It mandates that elections must be conducted before the expiration of the term or within six months of dissolution.
• State Election Commission (SEC):
  • A constitutional body empowered to supervise, direct, and control municipal and panchayat elections at the state level.
  • It operates independently of the Election Commission of India.
• Municipality:
  • It is an urban local body established to govern a city or town with a population exceeding a specified threshold.
  • It functions under the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992.
• Interim Administration:
  • Upon municipal dissolution, the state government may appoint an administrator to oversee day-to-day operations until elections are held.
  • This ensures that essential public services and governance functions continue uninterrupted.

The correct answer is By an Act of Parliament.

Key Points

• Municipal Corporations in Union Territories (UTs) are established through Acts passed by the Parliament of India, as UTs are governed directly by the Central Government.
• Unlike states, which have their own legislative assemblies, Union Territories are administered by the President of India through appointed administrators.
• The Parliament enacts laws to create and regulate municipal corporations in UTs, ensuring they fulfill the functions of urban local governance.
• For example, the New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC) operates under the New Delhi Municipal Council Act, 1994, passed by Parliament.
• This framework ensures consistency and uniformity in governance across UTs, considering their unique administrative structures.

Additional Information

• Municipal Corporation:
  • It is a form of urban local government that governs cities with a population exceeding 1 million.
  • Municipal corporations are responsible for providing civic amenities such as water supply, waste management, roads, and public health services.
  • They are governed by elected representatives (councillors) and an appointed municipal commissioner.
• Union Territories:
  • Union Territories are regions in India directly governed by the Central Government.
  • Currently, India has 8 Union Territories, including Delhi, Chandigarh, and Puducherry.
  • Some UTs, like Delhi and Puducherry, have partial statehood with legislative assemblies.
• New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC):
  • The NDMC is a municipal council governing the central area of New Delhi.
  • It was constituted under the New Delhi Municipal Council Act, 1994, passed by Parliament.
  • The council is chaired by a government-appointed officer, typically an IAS officer.
• Constitutional Provisions:
  • The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, provides the framework for urban local governance in India.
  • However, in Union Territories, Parliament has the authority to legislate municipal laws under Article 239 of the Constitution.

The correct answer is Madras.

Key Points

• In India, the First Municipal Corporation was set up in Madras. 
• In 1687, the first municipal corporation in India was set up at Madras.
• The Chennai Municipal Corporation (officially the Corporation of Chennai), formerly known as the Corporation of Madras, is the civic body that governs the city of Chennai (formerly Madras), India.
• Inaugurated on September 29, 1688, under a Royal Charter issued by King James II on December 30, 1687, as the Corporation of Madras, it is the oldest municipal body of the Commonwealth of Nations outside Great Britain.
• It is headed by a mayor, who presides over 200 councillors, each of whom represents one of the 200 wards of the city.
• It is also the second oldest corporation in the world.

The correct answer is All of the above.

Key Points

• Nagar Nigam is an Urban Local Body.
• The 74th amendment made the provisions relating to urban local governments (Nagar palikas). The members of the Nagar Palika are elected representatives for a term of five years.

As per the Constitution of India, a Nagar Nigam or Municipal Corporation has the powers to impose the following taxes:

1. House Tax (Property Tax): Article 243W read with 12th Schedule of the Constitution provides taxation on lands and buildings within the jurisdiction of the municipality as a function to be devolved to the municipalities. This allows municipal corporations to impose house tax or property tax.
2. Toll Tax:
   Article 243W read with Article 243X empowers municipalities to levy taxes on vehicles (other than motor vehicles) and boats. This provision allows municipal corporations to impose toll taxes within their jurisdictions.
3. Entertainment Tax: Article 243W read with Article 243X empowers municipalities to levy taxes on entertainments and amusements. This provision grants the power to municipal corporations to impose entertainment tax on things like movie tickets.

So in summary, as per the Constitution of India, a Nagar Nigam or Municipal Corporation can impose house tax, toll tax as well as entertainment tax. All the above mentioned taxes can be levied by a municipal body. This distribution of fiscal powers allows local governments to raise revenues to discharge functions entrusted to them under the Constitution.

The correct answer is 74th.

Key Points

• 74^th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992
  • It is related to the Urban Local Self Government. Hence, Option 4 is correct.
  • It is also known as Nagarpalika Act for giving constitutional status to the municipalities and bringing them under the justifiable part of the constitution.
  • The Act is aimed at strengthening effective democracy at the grass-root level by providing a framework for the structure and mandate of urban local bodies.
  • The constitution 74th Amendment Act 1992, relating to Municipalities (Urban local Government) was passed by the parliament in 1992.

Additional Information

• Some important Amendments in the Constitution:

The Correct Answer is Ministry of Defence.

 Key Points

• A cantonment board is created as well as administered by the union government.
• A cantonment board functions under the administrative control of the Union Defence Ministry.
• There are 62 cantonment boards in India.
• A cantonment board consists of eight elected members, three nominated military members, three ex-officio members (station commander, garrison engineer, and senior executive medical officer), and one representative of the district magistrate.

 Additional Information

1. Municipal corporation
2. Municipality
3. Notified area committee
4. Town area committee
5. Cantonment board
6. Township
7. Port trust
8. Special purpose agency

The correct answer is option 1, i.e. Town Area Committee.

Key Points

• Eight types of urban local bodies are created in India for the administration of urban areas
  • These bodies are municipal corporation, municipality, notified area committee, town area committee, cantonment board, township, port trust and special purpose agency.
• A town area committee is set up for the administration of a small town.
• A notified area committee is created for the administration of a fast-developing town due to industrialisation and a town which does not yet fulfil all the conditions necessary for the constitution of a municipality.
• Municipalities are established for the administration of towns and smaller cities.
• Municipal corporations are created for the administration of big cities like Mumbai and Hyderabad.

The correct answer is Municipal corporation and holding elections for it.

• To establish a Municipal corporation and hold elections for it the 74th Amendment was passed.

Key Points

• Municipal Corporation:
  • After the 74th Amendment of the Indian constitution was enacted there are only three categories of municipalities: 
  • Mahanagar Nigam (Municipal Corporation),
  • Nagar Palika (Municipality),
  • Nagar Panchayat (Notified Area Council or City Council). 
  • Municipal corporations are created for the administration of big cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Bangalore and others.
  • They are established in the states by the acts of the concerned state legislatures, and in the union territories by the acts of the Parliament of India.
  • There may be one common act for all the municipal corporations in a state or a separate act for each municipal corporation.
  • A municipal corporation has three authorities, namely, the council, the standing committees and the commissioner.
  • The Council is the deliberative and legislative wing of the corporation.
  • It consists of the Councillors directly elected by the people, as well as a few nominated persons having knowledge or experience of municipal administration.
  • In brief, the composition of the Council including the reservation of seats for SCs, STs and women is governed by the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act.

The correct answer is Municipalities.Key Points

• Municipalities a town or cities have their own local government.
• A Nagar Palika or Municipality is an urban local body that administers a city with a minimum population of 100,000 but less than 1,000,000.
• The members of the Nagar Palika are elected representatives for a term of five years.
• The town is divided into wards according to its population, and representatives are elected from each ward.
•  A chief officer, along with officers like an engineer, sanitary inspector, health officer, and education officer who come from the state public service are appointed by the state government to control the administrative affairs of the Nagar Palika.

Additional Information

• 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 provided constitutional status to local urban bodies.
• This act added a new part IX-A to the Constitution (Article 243-P to 243-ZG).
• The Municipalities’ and a new Twelfth Schedule containing 18 functional items for municipalities. 
• The institutions under the Municipalities are of three types.
  • ​Nagar Panchayat, for a transitional area, i.e., an area which is being transformed from a rural area to an urban area.
  • Municipal Council for a Smaller Urban area.
  • Municipal Corporation for a larger urban area.

The correct answer is District Collector.Key Points

Disaster management at the district level​​:

• The actual ground work for relief is the responsibility of the district magistrate, the district collector of the city.
• He works in coordination with various departments in city for better coordination at ground level.
• He is being guided by Authorities at State level.

Key Points

• The bill relating to Urban Local Bodies was passed in MP State Assembly on 30th December 1993.
• The government of Madhya Pradesh had passed the Municipality Act 1994 to enforce the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act 1992.
• The 3-tier system has been implemented in the state for Urban local bodies. It includes:
  • Nagar Panchayat
  • Nagar Palika
  • Nagar Nigam

Explanation:

The municipality (Article 243 Q (1B)) 

• ​It includes small cities or small urban areas.
• It includes 15-40 wards.
• Chief Municipal Officer is the administrative head of Nagar Palika.
• Chairman and Members are directly elected. Elected ward members can elect and choose the chairman.
• The Deputy chairman is indirectly elected from among the counsellors.

Additional Information

Nagar Panchayat (Article 243 Q (1A)) 

• It includes an area of transition from a rural area to an urban area.
•  It includes 15 wards
• Chief Municipal Officer is the administrative head of Nagar Panchayat.
• Chairman and Members are directly elected.
• The Deputy chairman is indirectly elected from among the counsellors.

Municipal corporation (Article 243 Q (1C))

• It includes a large urban area.
• It has 40-70 wards.
• Mayor is the head of the Municipal Corporation.
• All Chairman and Counselors are directly elected.

A Municipal Corporation is made up of wards committee.

Mistake Points

• Members are elected to the ward committees on the basis of adult franchise for a term of five years.
• These members are called Ward councillors.
• The Council is headed by a mayor and has one year term.
• Mayor is elected by a majority.

Additional Information​

• Municipal Corporation
  • Municipal corporations are established by acts of the concerned state legislatures, and in the union territories by acts of the Parliament of India.
  • The councillors are responsible for the running of the municipal corporations. They are elected for a term of five years.

Hence we can say that Ward Councillor is an elected member of a Municipal Corporation.

• The commissioner
  • The municipal commissioner is in charge of putting the council's and standing committees' decisions into action.
  • As a result, he is the corporation's chief executive officer.
  • He is a member of the IAS and is appointed by the state government.
  • He is also called the Administrative Chief.