Union Executive (Articles 52-78) & State Executive (Articles 153-167): UPSC Notes

In the complex government machinery, the executive plays a position of utmost significance. Its function in giving leadership and guidance to the government is pivotal. The executive's domain has widened considerably over the years, becoming the most powerful branch of government. Although the legislature is formally superior, the executive's influence is more significant in practice. Government Ministries and departments, supported by bureaucracy and legislature, play a crucial role in ensuring effective governance.

The executive is a central aspect of Indian Polity, a key subject in the IAS Exam . Its understanding is essential for aspirants preparing for all three stages of the UPSC exam – Prelims, Mains, and Interview.

This article provides a brief overview of the Indian Executive. For more detailed information, candidates can refer to the linked articles, which cover the executive's various aspects as separate topics for the UPSC 2023 exam.

Union Executive (Articles 52-78) & State Executive (Articles 153-167)

The Union Executive (Article 52-78)

The Union Executive, a vital part of the political executive, includes three significant positions:

The President (Article 52-62)
The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers (Article 74-75 & Article 78)
The Attorney-General of India (Article 76)

The State Executive (Article 153-167)

The State Executive, another crucial part of the political executive, includes three significant positions:

The Governor (Article 153-161)
The Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers (Article 164-167)
The Advocate-General of State (Article 165 and 177)

Candidates are requested to read the provided articles for a complete idea about the Union and State Executive. This information will make their preparation in the political science topic much stronger.

Read Union Executive UPSC Notes PDF!

Key Takeaways for UPSC Aspirants

Definition: The Union Executive comprises the President, Vice-President, Prime Minister, Council of Ministers, and the Attorney General of India.
President’s Role: The President is the constitutional head, acting on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers.
Election of President: The President is elected by an electoral college consisting of elected MPs and MLAs using proportional representation.
Executive Powers of President: The President appoints the Prime Minister, Governors, Supreme Court judges, and other key officials of the government.
Emergency Powers: The President can impose National, State, and Financial Emergency under Articles 352, 356, and 360, respectively.

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Check out Union Executive Sample Questions PDF!

Article 52 to 78 of the Indian Constitution UPSC FAQs

What does Article 53 specify?

Article 53 vests executive power of the Union in the President, exercised directly or through officers under their authority.

What is Article 54 about?

Article 54 defines the election of the President, specifying that they are elected by an electoral college comprising MPs and MLAs.

What does Article 55 elaborate on?

Article 55 explains the manner of election of the President, using the system of proportional representation with a single transferable vote.

What do Articles 52 to 78 deal with?

Articles 52 to 78 of the Indian Constitution deal with the Union Executive, including the President, Vice-President, Prime Minister, Council of Ministers, and the Attorney General of India.

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