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Home / IAS Preparation / Vishnukundins UPSC Notes: Download Vishnukundins Notes PDF

Vishnukundins UPSC Notes: Download Vishnukundins Notes PDF

Last Updated on Apr 01, 2024
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The Vishnukundins were a dynasty that ruled parts of present-day Andhra Pradesh and Telangana in southern India from the 5th to the 7th century CE. They were known for their patronage of art, architecture, and literature, contributing to the cultural heritage of the region.

In this article, we will explore the features of Vishnukundins in Andhradesa. This forms a major part of the UPSC IAS exam, and is equally important for the UGC NET History exam, as 5-6 questions are asked every year from the political history of India.

Vishnukundins History

The Vishnukundins emerged as a ruling dynasty in the Deccan region during the decline of the Satavahana dynasty. They initially held control over Nandavaram and expanded their kingdom to include areas such as Krishna, Godavari, and Kalinga. They were eventually assimilated into the Eastern Chalukya Empire.

Read more about the Mamluk dynasty!

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Political History Of Vishnukundins in Andhradesa

Vikramendra I was the first ruler of the Vishnukundin dynasty. Starting from Amrabad in Mahaboonagar, Indravarma expanded his realm to a large extent. It includes Bhuvanagiri, Ramannapeta in Nalgonda, and Keesaragutta in Rangareddy. 

Let us explore some important kings of Vishnukundin Dynasty.

Madhavavarma I

He performed many sacrifices and ceremonies, including Ashwamedha, Bahusuverna, Poundraka, and vajapeya.

Only the districts of Nalgonda and Mahabubnagar comprised his empire. Vakatakas were in charge of Telangana's remaining regions at the time.

The Govindavarman I 

Tummalagudem Inscription was published on Purnima Day, during his 37th year of rule, in the Telugu month of Vaisakha. He was the most well-known of the early kings. He wed Parama Bhattarika, the daughter of Mularaju, the king of Gunapasapura, and they extended their realm together. They also announced their independence from the Vakatakas.

Govindavarman donated the settlement of Penkapara to the Arya sangha. This is mentioned in the Indrapala copper plate charter. He claimed to have treated all castes and creeds equally in his realm. He referred to himself as the "jewel of the Sriparvata region" in the Tummalagudem Inscription.

Govindavarma I was a devout Buddhist and a great student of Buddhist classics and other sciences. Hyderabad constructed Govinda Vihara on the banks of the Musi River.

Madhavavarma I

Vikramendra Varma, the son of Madhav Varma, was given in marriage to a princess of the Vakatakas. In the history of the Vishnukundins, Madhavavarma's reign was a time of great prosperity. The minor Vishnukundin Dynasty reached its pinnacle of imperial power at this time.

With the help of this alliance, they expanded their dominance to the east coast and subdued the local minor chieftains who were still in power. 

Madhav Varma II

Madhav Varma II led his forces against the Pallavas. Next, Madhav Varma II focused on the Vengi kingdom, ruled by the Salankayanas. The Vengi area was incorporated. The Godavari tract was incorporated into the Vishnukundin domain. He earned the title of "lord of Dakshinapatha" due to these massive conquests. After these conquests, the capital was moved to Bezwada (Vijayawada), a more central site. Madhav Varma offered Asvamedha, Rajasuya, and other Vedic sacrifices following his many victories. The victory over the Vakataka King Prithvishena II was Madhava Varma II's most significant military success.

Read more about the Rajput dynasty!

Administration of Vishnukundin Dynasty

The administratively convenient provincial divisions were Rashtras and Vishayas. Each one was led by Viceroys chosen from the Royal family. Most of the army comprised infantry, cavalry, elephants, horses, and chariots. To cover their administrative costs, the Rulers imposed high taxes and charges. The villages designated as Agraharas for advancing the Brahmin caste were exempt from taxation.

Also Read Deccan Kingdoms in Ancient India- Beginnings and Developments!

Religion of Vishnukundins

Let us look at the religious practices of Vishnukundins in Andhradesa.

They were devotees of Lord Shiva. The rulers of the Vishnukundin Dynasty assumed control of the construction of several shrines to Shiva. Examples of cave temples built under the rule of this Dynasty include Undavalli Caves, Caves at Vijayawada, Mogalirajapuram, and Bhairavakonda. Mahendra Varma even went so far as to paint and engrave inscriptions on the walls of these cave temples, which are still used today to date these structures.

Architecture of Vishnukundins

The Vishnukundin dynasty left behind remarkable architectural marvels, including the Brahmanical cave temples of Moghalrajpuram and Undavalli. These cave temples, carved out of rock, exhibit intricate sculptures and carvings depicting various deities and mythological scenes.

Literature and Epigraphy of Vishnukundins

Let us learn a few details about the literature and Epigraphy of Vishnukundins:

Languages like Telugu and Sanskrit flourished around this time. The Rulers wrote some books, and other poets also made a name for themselves. Many Vedic schools were founded to spread Vedic education. Moreover, gifts of land were made to support educational needs.

Read here about Sanskrit Literature with Testbook!

Decline of Vishnukundins 

Madhava Varma IV was likely defeated by Chalukya Pulikesin II. This disintegrated the Vishnukundi dynasty. 

Testbook provides a set of comprehensive notes for different competitive exams. Testbook is always on the list because of its best quality assured products like live tests, mocks, Content pages, G.K. and current affairs videos, and much more. To study more topics for UGC NET, download the Testbook App now!

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Vishnukundins UPSC FAQs

The Vishnukundins were a dynasty that ruled parts of present-day Andhra Pradesh and Telangana in southern India.

The Vishnukundins were known for their patronage of art, architecture, and literature, contributing to the cultural heritage of the region.

The Vishnukundins left behind remarkable rock-cut cave temples, such as Moghalrajpuram and Undavalli, known for their intricate sculptures and carvings.

The Vishnukundins emerged as a ruling dynasty during the decline of the Satavahana dynasty and expanded their kingdom to encompass regions such as Krishna, Godavari, and Kalinga.

The Vishnukundins were eventually assimilated into the Eastern Chalukya Empire, marking the end of their independent rule.
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