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Home / IAS Preparation / Government Schemes of India / Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana

Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana UPSC Notes: Objectives, Benefits & More

Last Updated on May 31, 2024
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The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MOPNG) introduced the 'Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana' (PMUY) in May 2016. This flagship scheme aimed to provide clean cooking fuel, specifically LPG, to rural and underprivileged households. On 1 May 2016, the scheme was launched in Ballia, Uttar Pradesh, by the Honorable Prime Minister of India, Shri. Narendra Modi.

Source: PIB

Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) is one of the most important topics for the UPSC IAS exam. It covers a significant part of the Government Schemes section in the General Studies Paper-2 Syllabus and current events of national importance in general studies paper -1 of the UPSC Prelims Syllabus.

In this article on the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana UPSC, we shall look into the objectives, features, benefits, and challenges associated with the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY).

What is Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY)?

The Union Government launched the Ujjwala Yojana Scheme with the tagline "Swachh Indhan, Behtar Jeevan." The PMUY scheme aims to provide affordable LPG connections to five crore families, particularly women below the poverty line (BPL), in rural India by 2019, promoting a smoke-free environment. The Ujjwala Yojana will increase the use of LPG while addressing health issues, air pollution, and deforestation. The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas implements the Ujjwala Scheme.

Objectives of the Ujjwala Yojana Scheme

The Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) aims to provide clean cooking fuel, specifically LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), to below-poverty-line households. By doing so, it seeks to reduce the health hazards associated with traditional cooking fuels like wood and coal, particularly among women and children.

  • Health Improvement: Reduce health hazards caused by indoor air pollution from traditional cooking methods.
  • Empowerment of Women: Enhance the dignity and health of women by providing them with access to clean cooking fuel, which reduces their time spent on cooking and collecting firewood.
  • Environmental Sustainability: Encourage the use of cleaner fuels like LPG, thereby reducing deforestation and carbon emissions.

Check out the linked article on the Pradhan Mantri LPG Panchayat Scheme now.

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Implementation of the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana

The PMUY scheme was implemented through LPG distributors across India, targeting below-poverty-line households. It involved extensive awareness campaigns, registration of beneficiaries, issuance of LPG connections, and provision of subsidized cylinders.

  • A woman from a BPL household can apply for a new LPG connection to the LPG distributor.
  • The application form should include KYC details, ration card, Aadhaar, and bank account information.
  • The LPG field officials will match the application against the SECC-2011 database and issue the connection to eligible beneficiaries.
  • The government will bear the connection charges, but the OMCs will provide an option for the new consumer to opt for EMIs to cover the cost of a cooking stove and first refill.
  • The OMCs will also organize Melas at various locations for the release of connections to BPL families.
  • The scheme will cover BPL families under all distributorship forms and for various cylinder sizes.

Check out the linked article on the Kusum scheme now.

Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana Beneficiary List

In addition to the SECC list, other categories have been added to identify prospective beneficiaries under PMUY. To meet the increased target, the scheme will now include the following beneficiaries: 

  • Poor Household as per 14-point declaration
  • Applicants must have attained 18 years of age.
  • Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Gramin)
  • Most Backward Classes
  • Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY)
  • Tea and Ex-Tea Garden tribes
  • SC Households
  • ST Households
  • People residing on Islands and River Islands
  • SECC Households (AHL TIN)
  • Forest Dwellers
  • There should not be any other LPG connections in the same household.
  • Release of LPG connection under this Scheme shall be in the name of the women belonging to the BPL family.

Check out the linked article on the Kisan Sampada Yojna now.

Benefits of the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana

PMUY brought multifaceted advantages, notably improving public health by reducing indoor air pollution and respiratory ailments, particularly among women and children. Beyond health, it empowered women by freeing them from the drudgery of traditional cooking methods, thereby enabling them to engage in other productive activities. 

  • Ujjwala Yojana has empowered women and protected them and their families, preventing many acute respiratory illnesses and other ailments through clean-burning fuel.
  • Women who go to the woods to collect firewood are frequently subjected to health and safety hazards and sexual harassment at times. This is significantly reduced as a result of the LPG connections.
  • According to research, people who use solid biomass frequently suffer from headaches, nausea, chronic bronchitis, and various skin diseases. Most rural women experienced indoor air pollution and acute respiratory illnesses.
  • Stopping the use of firewood has a clear positive impact on forest cover and the environment.
  • The Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana will also employ rural youth in the cooking gas supply chain. Employment in logistics and maintenance services is a bonus.
  • The release of an LPG connection under this Ujjawala Scheme shall be in the name of a woman from a BPL family, providing a subsidy in the woman’s account.
  • Using LPG saves women time because they don’t require solid fuel to be collected and cooked. In other economic operations, this cooking time can be employed more effectively.
  • In many villages, women formed self-help groups in their spare time to engage in community economic activities.

Check out the linked article on the Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) now.

Challenges Faced by the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana

Despite its successes, PMUY encountered hurdles such as ensuring the last-mile connectivity to remote and marginalized communities, grappling with the affordability of LPG refills for beneficiaries, and navigating the cultural and behavioral barriers associated with transitioning from traditional cooking practices to LPG usage. Overcoming these challenges required innovative solutions, continuous monitoring, and targeted interventions to ensure the scheme's effectiveness and inclusivity.

  • Identifying poor households was a major hurdle as there was a lack of accurate data to identify eligible households. The SECC-2011 data was used, but it was found that some deserving households needed to be noticed during the fieldwork.
  • Misuse of the SECC data was observed, with a few affluent households listed as BPL households. This made it difficult to validate the authenticity of the data in the SECC database.
  • Beneficiaries needed more awareness about safety requirements for cooking on an LPG stove, particularly those from poor and illiterate backgrounds.
  • Many deserving households needed the necessary documents, such as ration cards and Aadhaar cards, which hindered their inclusion in the scheme.
  • The limited reach of LPG distribution posed difficulties in establishing distributorships in certain areas due to law and order issues or being classified as forest areas. Consequently, households in these regions remained disconnected from the scheme, unable to access cleaner cooking fuel.

Check out the linked article on the Green India Mission now.

About PM Ujjwala Yojana 2.0

PMUY Ujjwala 2.0 is an extension of the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana, which was launched in 2016. The aim of Ujjwala 2.0 is to provide LPG connections to more households. This is particularly to rural and economically disadvantaged areas.

Source: Ministry of Railways

  • The scheme targets households that still use traditional cooking fuels, which can be harmful to health and the environment.
  • Under Ujjwala 2.0, eligible beneficiaries receive financial help to get an LPG connection along with a gas stove and a cylinder.
  • The scheme prioritizes the inclusion of women from below the poverty line (BPL) families.
  • Ujjwala 2.0 aims to improve the health and well-being of households by reducing indoor air pollution.
  • The scheme also has a positive impact on the environment. It reduces deforestation and carbon emissions associated with traditional cooking methods.
  • Ujjwala 2.0 focuses on expanding the reach of clean cooking fuel to remote and difficult-to-reach areas.
  • The scheme provides financial support to eligible beneficiaries. It covers the cost of the LPG connection, gas stove, and the first refill.

Check out the linked article on the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana now.

Key Takeaways for UPSC Aspirants

  • The full form of PMUY is Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana, an LPG Connection Scheme.
  • The Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana is made available in the name of an adult woman from a BPL family, provided that no LPG connection exists in the name of any family member of the household.
  • The Ujjwala Yojana provides cash assistance of up to Rs. 1600/- for installing a new LPG connection. The Central Government provides this cash assistance.
  • The customer is responsible for the cost of a Hot plate and purchasing the first refill.
  • Customers can receive a hot plate with the purchase of the first refill or both on a loan basis with a zero interest rate, which is recovered through the subsidy received by the beneficiary.
  • The loan for the first six refills is not recoverable under the Ujjwala Gas Scheme.
  • The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) has approved Rs 8000 crore for the Ujjwala Scheme over the next three years.
  • For Rs 1600, the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana would supply 5 million LPG connections to BPL families.
  • The Ujwala Plan was announced in the 2016 Budget Speech, with a budgetary provision of Rs 2000 crore for the current fiscal year (FY).
  • Connections will be issued in the name of women beneficiaries under the Ujjwala Gas Scheme.
  • There will also be an EMI option for the cost of the stove and refills.
  • The Ujjawala Scheme supplements Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Give It Up campaign, in which 75 lakh middle and lower-middle-class households have voluntarily given up their cooking gas subsidy.

Check out the linked article on the Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana now.

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Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana UPSC FAQs

Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) is a social welfare scheme launched by the Government of India to provide free LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) connections to below-poverty-line households, with the aim of promoting clean cooking fuel and improving health and socioeconomic conditions, especially for women in rural areas.

Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana was launched on May 1, 2016.

The primary aim of PM Ujjwala Yojana is to safeguard the health of women and children by providing them with access to clean cooking fuel, reducing the health hazards associated with traditional cooking methods such as wood or coal. It also aims to empower women and promote environmental sustainability.

The slogan of Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana is "Swachh Indhan, Behtar Jeevan," which translates to "Clean Fuel, Better Life."

PM Ujjwala Yojana was launched on May 1, 2016.

Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana is implemented by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Government of India.

The Ujjwala scheme was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on May 1, 2016.
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