Which of the following statements is TRUE in case of filters used with rectifiers?

The correct option is 4

Concept:

In the context of filters used with rectifiers, the most commonly used configurations are capacitors in shunt (parallel) and inductors in series.

Let's briefly touch on the role of these components in a rectifier circuit:

Capacitors: Used to smooth (or filter) the DC signal coming from the rectifier. They are typically connected in shunt configuration, meaning they are connected across (in parallel with) the output.
This is because a shunt capacitor allows it to charge up and store energy during peak voltage, and release it during voltage drop, thus effectively smoothing the output.

Inductors: Primarily used in choke-input filters to block rapid changes in current. They are typically connected in a series configuration, such that they restrict rapid changes in current to provide a more steady output.

The options mentioning capacitors and inductors are both connected in series (option 1) or both in shunt (option 2) are incorrect because this is not how they are typically configured in a filter for a rectifier circuit.

Option 3) Capacitors are connected in series and inductors in shunt with the output. This is incorrect because capacitors are usually connected in a shunt configuration and inductors in a series configuration in a power supply filter.