In which layer of the earth do natural earthquakes occur? 

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SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 30 Jan 2023 Shift 1)
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  1. Lithosphere
  2. Inner Core 
  3. Mesosphere
  4. Asthenosphere

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Lithosphere
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The correct answer is Lithosphere.Key Points

  • Natural earthquakes occur in the lithosphere, which is the outermost layer of the earth.
  • It includes the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.
  • The lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move around on the asthenosphere, which is a more fluid layer beneath it.
  • The movement of these plates creates stress on the rocks, which can cause them to break and release energy in the form of earthquakes.
  • The lithosphere is also where most of the volcanic activity on earth occurs, as magma rises up from the mantle and reaches the surface through cracks in the crust.
  • The inner core is a solid, dense ball of iron and nickel at the center of the earth.
  • It is too deep and too hot for earthquakes to occur there.
  • The mesosphere is the layer beneath the lithosphere, and it is too solid for earthquakes to occur there as well.

Additional Information

  • The asthenosphere is a plastic layer beneath the lithosphere, where the rocks are partially molten and can flow.
    • It plays a key role in plate tectonics and the movement of the earth's crust.
  • The inner core is the hottest part of the earth, with temperatures estimated to be as high as 5,500 degrees Celsius.
    • It is also under immense pressure, which keeps it solid despite the high temperatures.
  • The mesosphere is a relatively unknown layer of the earth, as it is difficult to study due to its depth and lack of seismic activity.
    • It is thought to be a transition zone between the rigid lithosphere and the more fluid asthenosphere.
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